Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2019;163:361-381. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.03.001. Epub 2019 Apr 1.
Coriolus versicoloris is one of the well-known traditional medicinal mushrooms used in China for over 2000 years. Polysaccharopeptide (PSP) is identified as the major bioactive component, which can be obtained from the mycelium or fermentation broth of Coriolus versicolor. The polysaccharide content in PSP is ~60% and the peptide content in PSP is ~10-30%. The main monosaccharides found in PSP include glucose, mannose, and a small amount of galactose, xylose, and fucose. β-Glucan is one of the identified components in PSP with the established immunomodulatory function. PSP was approved by the authority and has been used clinically in Japan and China since 1970s. PSP is helpful in improving the survival and quality of life in patients suffering cancers, hepatopathy, hyperlipidemia, chronic bronchitis, and other complex diseases. In this article, the preclinical and clinical studies of PSP are summarized over the past 41 years based on a literature search covering the CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases. Current studies support PSP as an immunotherapeutic. PSP activates and enhances the function and recognition ability of immune cells, strengthens the phagocytosis of macrophages, increases the expressions of cytokines and chemokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6), histamine, and prostaglandin E, stimulates the filtration of both dendritic cells and T-cells into tumors, and ameliorates the adverse events associated with chemotherapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has been widely used in cancer treatment. However, to use PSP as an immunotherapeutic at world stage, further chemical, biochemical and pharmacological studies of PSP are needed.
云芝是中国使用了 2000 多年的一种著名的药用真菌。云芝多糖（PSP）被鉴定为主要的生物活性成分，可从云芝的菌丝体或发酵液中获得。PSP 的多糖含量约为 60%，肽含量约为 10-30%。PSP 中发现的主要单糖包括葡萄糖、甘露糖和少量的半乳糖、木糖和岩藻糖。β-葡聚糖是 PSP 中已确定的具有免疫调节功能的成分之一。PSP 已获得权威机构批准，自 20 世纪 70 年代以来在日本和中国已临床应用。PSP 有助于提高癌症、肝病、高血脂、慢性支气管炎等复杂疾病患者的生存率和生活质量。本文通过对中国知网、维普和万方数据库的文献检索，综述了过去 41 年来 PSP 的临床前和临床研究。目前的研究支持 PSP 作为一种免疫疗法。PSP 激活和增强免疫细胞的功能和识别能力，增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用，增加肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL-1β 和 IL-6）、组胺和前列腺素 E 等细胞因子和趋化因子的表达，刺激树突状细胞和 T 细胞滤入肿瘤，并改善与化疗相关的不良事件。近年来，免疫疗法已广泛应用于癌症治疗。然而，要在世界范围内将 PSP 用作免疫疗法，还需要对 PSP 进行进一步的化学、生化和药理学研究。
