Chang Yajing, Zhang Meng, Jiang Yifei, Liu Yong, Luo Heng, Hao Cui, Zeng Pengjiao, Zhang Lijuan
School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
Discov Med. 2017 Apr;23(127):207-219.
Conventional cancer treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. In recent years, immunotherapy in cancer care has been gaining momentum. Interestingly, an immunotherapeutic regime that employs polysaccharopeptide (PSP), a unique peptide-containing polysaccharide isolated from Coriolus versicolor, has already become a routine clinical practice in Japan since 1977 and in China since 1987. Coriolus versicolor is one of the most well-known traditional food and medicinal mushrooms in China for thousands of years. Medically used PSP is mostly obtained from the extraction of cultured Coriolus versicolor mycelia where β-glucan is the major component. PSP has proven beneficial to survival and quality of life not only for cancer patients but also for patients with hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, and other chronic diseases. In this article, the results of PSP-related preclinical and clinical studies conducted in China from over 40 independent studies during the past 40 years based on searching the Chinese VIP, CNKI, and Wanfang databases are presented. Its immunomodulatory and anti-tumor molecular mechanisms are also summarized. PSP activates immune cells, increases the expressions of cytokines and chemokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6), histamine, and prostaglandin E, enhances dendritic and T-cell infiltration into tumors, and ameliorates the adverse events associated with chemotherapy. The clinical studies support PSP being a potential immunotherapeutic. However, the complicated chemical and multiple pharmacological properties of PSP need to be investigated further.
传统的癌症治疗方法包括手术、化疗和放疗。近年来，癌症治疗中的免疫疗法发展势头迅猛。有趣的是，一种使用云芝多糖肽（PSP）的免疫治疗方案自1977年起在日本以及自1987年起在中国已成为常规临床实践。云芝是中国数千年来最著名的传统食用和药用蘑菇之一。药用PSP大多从培养的云芝菌丝体提取物中获得，其中β-葡聚糖是主要成分。PSP已被证明不仅对癌症患者，而且对肝炎、高脂血症和其他慢性病患者的生存及生活质量有益。本文展示了过去40年在中国通过检索维普、知网和万方数据库进行的40多项独立研究中与PSP相关的临床前和临床研究结果。还总结了其免疫调节和抗肿瘤分子机制。PSP激活免疫细胞，增加细胞因子和趋化因子如肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL-1β和IL-6）、组胺和前列腺素E的表达，增强树突状细胞和T细胞向肿瘤的浸润，并改善与化疗相关的不良事件。临床研究支持PSP作为一种潜在的免疫治疗药物。然而，PSP复杂的化学性质和多种药理特性仍需进一步研究。
