Fernando Harshica, Bhopale Kamlesh K, Kondraganti Shakuntala S, Kaphalia Bhupendra S, Ansari G A Shakeel
Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A & M University, 100 University Dr, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
J Drug Alcohol Res. 2018;7. doi: 10.4303/jdar/236040. Epub 2018 Jan 1.
Fatty liver is an early sign of both nonalcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Ethanol feeding using a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet (LD) model which contains 35% fat to rats or mice is a well-established model for alcoholic fatty liver. However, LD diet alone can also induce fatty liver and its differential metabolic profile may be able to differentiate steatosis induced by LD versus LD plus ethanol.
We investigated the lipidomic differences in the livers of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed a pellet diet (PD), LD and liquid ethanol diet (LED) for six weeks.
Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with nonalcoholic diets PD, LD or LED (ethanol in LD) for six weeks. Lipids were extracted and analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)- based metabolomics. The NMR data obtained was analyzed by multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Spotfire DecisionSite 9.0 software to compare PD versus LD and LD versus LED groups.
PCA of the NMR spectral data of livers of both comparisons showed a clear separation of PD from LD group and LD from LED group indicating differences in lipid profiles which corresponded with changes in total lipid weights. LD showed increases for cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, cholesterol acetate and triglycerides with decreases for fatty acyl chain, diallylic and allylic protons, while the LED showed increases in esterified cholesterol, cholesterol acetate, fatty acid methyl esters, allylic protons and some triglyceride protons with decreases in free cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine (PC).
Our data suggest that altered lipid signature or PC levels could be an indicator to differentiate between nonalcoholic versus alcoholic fatty liver.
脂肪肝是非酒精性和酒精性脂肪肝病的早期迹象。使用含有35%脂肪的Lieber-DeCarli液体饮食（LD）模型对大鼠或小鼠进行乙醇喂养是一种公认的酒精性脂肪肝模型。然而，单独的LD饮食也可诱导脂肪肝，其不同的代谢谱可能能够区分由LD诱导的脂肪变性与LD加乙醇诱导的脂肪变性。
我们研究了喂食颗粒饲料（PD）、LD和液体乙醇饮食（LED）六周的Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠肝脏中的脂质组差异。
雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠喂食非酒精性饮食PD、LD或LED（LD中的乙醇）六周。通过基于核磁共振（NMR）的代谢组学提取并分析脂质。对获得的NMR数据进行多变量主成分分析（PCA）和Spotfire DecisionSite 9.0软件分析，以比较PD与LD组以及LD与LED组。
两次比较中肝脏NMR光谱数据的PCA显示，PD与LD组、LD与LED组明显分离，表明脂质谱存在差异，这与总脂质重量的变化相对应。LD显示胆固醇、酯化胆固醇、胆固醇乙酸酯和甘油三酯增加，而脂肪酰链、二烯丙基和烯丙基质子减少，而LED显示酯化胆固醇、胆固醇乙酸酯、脂肪酸甲酯、烯丙基质子和一些甘油三酯质子增加，游离胆固醇和磷脂酰胆碱（PC）减少。
我们的数据表明，脂质特征或PC水平的改变可能是区分非酒精性与酒精性脂肪肝的一个指标。
