1 Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
2 Department of Preventive Gerontology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 2019 Aug;126(4):639-655. doi: 10.1177/0031512519846026. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
Promoting physical activity (PA) among older adults with cognitive decline is important for maintaining and improving their health. Identifying psychological and environmental PA correlates in this population can help develop effective strategies for PA promotion. Since past findings with healthy older adults may not generalize to those with cognitive decline, this study offers data on how self-efficacy, self-regulation, and social-environmental factors were associated with PA among a group of older adults with cognitive decline. We report secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomized control study of 262 older participants ( = 76.2 years) who showed a decline in global cognitive function as defined by Mini-Mental State Examination scores between 21 and 24. The participants' PA was measured by an accelerometer, and participants completed questionnaires measuring self-efficacy, self-regulation, social support, social network, and demographic variables. In this study, we evaluated the participants' neighborhood environment with a geographic information system and found through stepwise multiple regression analyses that self-efficacy, gender, and age were associated with PA variables, while self-regulation and environmental factors were not. Thus, perceived self-efficacy was an important psychological correlate of PA in this group of older adults with cognitive decline. PA promotion interventions for this population should attend to self-efficacy, gender, and age.
促进认知衰退的老年人进行身体活动（PA）对维持和改善他们的健康很重要。在这一人群中识别心理和环境 PA 相关性可以帮助制定促进 PA 的有效策略。由于过去针对健康老年人的研究结果可能不适用于认知衰退的老年人，因此本研究提供了关于自我效能感、自我调节以及社会环境因素如何与认知衰退老年人的 PA 相关的数据。我们报告了一项针对 262 名认知衰退老年人（平均年龄为 76.2 岁）的随机对照研究的基线数据的二次分析，这些参与者的整体认知功能下降（定义为 Mini-Mental State Examination 评分在 21-24 之间）。参与者的 PA 通过加速度计进行测量，参与者完成了自我效能感、自我调节、社会支持、社交网络和人口统计学变量的问卷。在这项研究中，我们使用地理信息系统评估了参与者的邻里环境，通过逐步多元回归分析发现，自我效能感、性别和年龄与 PA 变量相关，而自我调节和环境因素则不相关。因此，感知到的自我效能感是这组认知衰退老年人 PA 的一个重要心理相关性。针对这一人群的 PA 促进干预措施应该关注自我效能感、性别和年龄。
