Institute of Hearing Technology and Audiology, Jade University of Applied Sciences, Oldenburg, Germany.
Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4All," Oldenburg, Germany.
Ear Hear. 2020 Jan/Feb;41(1):136-142. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000737.
Correct word recognition is generally determined by audibility, but lexical parameters also play a role. The focus of this study was to examine both the impact of audibility and lexical parameters on speech recognition of test words of the clinical German Freiburg monosyllabic speech test, and subsequently on the perceptual imbalance of test lists observed in the literature.
For 160 participants with normal hearing that were divided into three groups with different simulated hearing thresholds, monaural speech recognition for the Freiburg monosyllabic speech test was obtained via headphones in quiet at different presentation levels. A software manipulated the original speech material to simulate two different hearing thresholds. All monosyllables were classified according to their frequency of occurrence in contemporary language and the number of lexical neighbors using the Cross-Linguistic Easy-Access Resource for Phonological and Orthographic Neighborhood Density database. Generalized linear mixed-effects regression models were used to evaluate the influences of audibility in terms of the Speech Intelligibility Index and lexical properties of the monosyllables in terms of word frequency (WF) and neighborhood density (ND) on the observed speech recognition per word and per test list, respectively.
Audibility and interactions of audibility with WF and ND correctly predicted identification of the individual monosyllables. Test list recognition was predicted by test list choice, audibility, and ND, as well as by interactions of WF and test list, audibility and ND, ND and test list, and audibility per test list.
Observed differences in speech recognition of the Freiburg monosyllabic speech test, which are well reported in the literature, depend not only on audibility but also on WF, neighborhood density, and test list choice and their interactions. The authors conclude that future creations of speech test material should take these lexical parameters into account.
正确的单词识别通常由可听度决定，但词汇参数也起作用。本研究的重点是检查可听度和词汇参数对临床德语弗莱堡单音节言语测试的测试词的言语识别的影响，以及随后对文献中观察到的测试列表感知不平衡的影响。
对于 160 名听力正常的参与者，他们分为三组，每组模拟不同的听力阈值，通过耳机在安静环境中以不同的呈现水平获得弗莱堡单音节言语测试的单耳言语识别。软件操纵原始语音材料以模拟两种不同的听力阈值。所有单音节词都根据其在当代语言中的出现频率和使用 Cross-Linguistic Easy-Access Resource for Phonological and Orthographic Neighborhood Density 数据库的词汇邻居数量进行分类。使用广义线性混合效应回归模型评估可听度（以言语可懂度指数表示）和单音节词词汇属性（以词频（WF）和词汇密度（ND）表示）对每个词和每个测试列表的观察言语识别的影响。
可听度和可听度与 WF 和 ND 的交互作用正确预测了个别单音节词的识别。测试列表识别由测试列表选择、可听度和 ND 以及 WF 和测试列表、可听度和 ND、ND 和测试列表以及每个测试列表的可听度的交互作用预测。
文献中很好地报道的弗莱堡单音节言语测试的言语识别差异不仅取决于可听度，还取决于 WF、词汇密度、测试列表选择及其交互作用。作者得出结论，未来的言语测试材料的创建应考虑这些词汇参数。
