Fivoor Research and Treatment Innovation, Forensic Outpatient Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Developmental Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
J Clin Psychol. 2020 Dec;76(12):2345-2371. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23016. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
To provide more insight into treatment and research responsivity in offenders with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Via self-reports and patients' scores on cognitive computer tasks, it was examined whether poorer cognitive-motivational, interpersonal, and behavioral functioning were related to treatment no-shows, longer treatment time duration intervals, and no-show at the research appointment in 52 forensic outpatients with ADHD (M = 35.3, SD = 9.38). Treatment adherence was tracked for 10 appointments after research participation.
Regression analyses showed that higher self-reported impulsivity was associated with research no-show, and more alcohol use with longer treatment time intervals. Yet, self-reported delay aversion was associated with fewer treatment no-shows, and, uncontrolled for alcohol use, impulsivity was associated with shorter treatment time intervals in a subsample of patients.
These preliminary results indicate that externalizing behaviors increase the risk for nonadherence in forensic ADHD patients, but that cognitive-motivational problems also motivate patients to be more engaged.
深入了解注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）罪犯的治疗和研究反应。
通过自我报告和患者在认知计算机任务上的得分，检查认知动机、人际和行为功能较差是否与治疗失约、治疗时间间隔延长以及 52 名 ADHD 法医门诊患者（M=35.3，SD=9.38）的研究预约失约有关。在研究参与后的 10 次预约中跟踪治疗依从性。
回归分析表明，较高的自我报告冲动性与研究失约有关，而更多的酒精使用与更长的治疗时间间隔有关。然而，自我报告的延迟厌恶与较少的治疗失约有关，并且在患者的亚样本中，不受酒精使用影响的情况下，冲动性与较短的治疗时间间隔有关。
这些初步结果表明，外向行为会增加法医 ADHD 患者不依从的风险，但认知动机问题也会促使患者更投入治疗。
