Goma Fastone Mathew, Mwewa Beatrice, Tembo Greenford K, Kachamba Musonda, Syatalimi Charity, Simweemba Chabota, Chilufya Lexina, Mutale Wilbroad, Beaney Thomas, Xia Xin, Poulter Neil R
Centre for Primary Care Research, University of Zambia School of Medicine, PO Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia.
Mufulira School of Nursing & Midwifery, Mufulira, Zambia.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2019 Apr;21(Suppl D):D130-D132. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suz077. Epub 2019 Apr 24.
Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. Prevalence of hypertension is reported to reach 34% in some areas of Zambia but public awareness is reportedly low. A majority of individuals do not know that they have high BP and others do not take any medication. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Measurement sites were set-up at shopping malls, markets, sports facilities, churches, higher institutions of learning, and urban clinics. A total of 9607 individuals were screened during MMM17. After multiple imputation, 2438 (25.9%) had hypertension. Of individuals not receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 1706 (19.6%) were hypertensive. Of individuals receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 438 (62%) had uncontrolled BP. The MMM for 2017 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Zambia. The campaign identified 2438 individuals with hypertension who were given heart health advice and/or referred to the local clinic for treatment. These results suggest that a large BP screening campaign based on convenience sampling could be a useful and reasonably inexpensive tool to help raise awareness in the general population and thereby help address the burden of disease caused by hypertension.
高血压是全球日益加重的负担，每年导致超过1000万人死亡。五月测量月（MMM）是一项全球倡议，旨在提高对高血压的认识，并作为全球筛查项目不足的临时解决方案。据报道，赞比亚某些地区的高血压患病率达到34%，但据报道公众意识较低。大多数人不知道自己患有高血压，其他人则不服药。2017年5月对年龄≥18岁的志愿者进行了一项机会性横断面调查。血压测量、高血压的定义和统计分析遵循标准的MMM方案。测量地点设在购物中心、市场、体育设施、教堂、高等院校和城市诊所。在MMM17期间，共筛查了9607人。经过多重插补，2438人（25.9%）患有高血压。在未接受抗高血压药物治疗的个体中，1706人（19.6%）患有高血压。在接受抗高血压药物治疗的个体中，438人（62%）血压未得到控制。2017年的MMM是赞比亚开展的最大规模的血压筛查活动。该活动识别出2438名高血压患者，他们得到了心脏健康建议和/或被转诊到当地诊所进行治疗。这些结果表明，基于便利抽样的大规模血压筛查活动可能是一种有用且成本合理的工具，有助于提高普通人群的认识，从而有助于应对高血压引起的疾病负担。
