刚果民主共和国卢本巴希市高血压患病率及相关因素：一项基于社区的横断面研究。
Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Lubumbashi City, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Musung Jacques Mbaz, Kakoma Placide Kambola, Kaut Mukeng Clarence, Tshimanga Stéphane Lubamba, Munkemena Banze Jeef Paul, Kaj Nathalie Kayomb, Kamuna Martin Kazadi, Mwamba Jimmy Kasali, Nkulu Dophra Ngoy, Katchunga Philippe Bianga, Mukuku Olivier, Muyumba Emmanuel Kiyana
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Congo.
Department of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Congo.
出版信息
Int J Hypertens. 2021 Apr 7;2021:6674336. doi: 10.1155/2021/6674336. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its struggle involves knowing its prevalence. Insufficient data on hypertension in adults in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), prompted the conduct of this study. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of hypertension and to identify the associated factors in adults in Lubumbashi. . A cross-sectional study was carried out among 6,708 adults from October 15 to November 24, 2018, in Lubumbashi. Anthropometric data, lifestyle, and medical history were collected. Hypertension was defined when the mean of the last two blood pressure (BP) measurements was greater than or equal for systolic (SBP) at 140 mmHg and for diastolic (DBP) at 90 mmHg or a history of taking antihypertensive medication whatever the value of the BP. Logistic regression was used to identify the relative effects of hypertension risk factors and all statistical tests were declared significant at a value <0.05.
RESULTS
The female participants numbered 4479 (66.8%). The mean age of all participants was 47.9 ± 16.5 years. The mean SBP and DBP were 128.4 ± 25.9 mmHg and 79.1 ± 15.3 mmHg, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 33.6%. This prevalence was statistically higher in women than in men (34.5% vs. 31.7%; =0.024). After logistic regression, the risk of hypertension increased with age >50 years (aOR = 5.85 [5.19-6.60]), overweight (aOR = 1.25 [1.11-1.41]), obesity (aOR = 1.25 [1.11-1.41]), central obesity (aOR = 1.37 [1.16-1.61]), diabetes mellitus (aOR = 2.19 [1.63-2.95]), alcohol consumption (aOR = 1.21 [1.05-1.39]), nonconsumption of vegetables (aOR = 1.35 [1.02-1.80]), and history of stroke (aOR = 2.57 [1.88-3.51]). Hypertension was inversely associated with being underweight (aOR = 0.68 [0.53-0.87]).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of hypertension in the city of Lubumbashi is high as in other cities of the DRC and Africa. This situation requires the implementation of prevention, detection, and treatment programs for hypertension.
背景
高血压是全球心血管疾病发病和死亡的主要原因。了解其患病率是一项艰巨的任务。刚果民主共和国卢本巴希市成年人高血压数据不足，促使开展了本研究。目的是确定卢本巴希市成年人高血压的患病率，并确定相关因素。2018年10月15日至11月24日，在卢本巴希对6708名成年人进行了横断面研究。收集了人体测量数据、生活方式和病史。当最后两次血压（BP）测量的收缩压（SBP）平均值大于或等于140 mmHg，舒张压（DBP）平均值大于或等于90 mmHg，或无论血压值如何有服用抗高血压药物的病史时，定义为高血压。采用逻辑回归分析确定高血压危险因素的相对影响，所有统计检验在P值<0.05时被判定为有统计学意义。
结果
女性参与者有4479名（66.8%）。所有参与者的平均年龄为47.9±16.5岁。平均收缩压和舒张压分别为128.4±25.9 mmHg和79.1±15.3 mmHg。高血压的总体患病率为33.6%。该患病率在女性中统计学上高于男性（34.5%对31.7%；P = 0.024）。逻辑回归分析后，年龄>50岁（调整后比值比[aOR]=5.85[5.19 - 6.60]）、超重（aOR = 1.25[1.11 - 1.41]）、肥胖（aOR = 1.25[1.11 - 1.41]）、中心性肥胖（aOR = 1.37[1.16 - 1.61]）、糖尿病（aOR = 2.19[
1.63 - 2.95]）、饮酒（aOR = 1.21[1.05 - 1.39]）、不食用蔬菜（aOR = 1.35[1.02 - 1.80]）和中风病史（aOR = 2.57[1.88 - 3.51]）会增加患高血压的风险。高血压与体重过轻呈负相关（aOR = 0.68[0.53 - 0.87]）。
结论
卢本巴希市高血压患病率与刚果民主共和国和非洲其他城市一样高。这种情况需要实施高血压的预防、检测和治疗方案。
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