Cole M J, Smith J T, Molnar C, Shaffer E A
J Clin Gastroenterol. 1987 Feb;9(1):90-5.
Aspiration pneumonia, a recognized complication of enteral feeding via a nasogastric tube, is considered uncommon with percutaneously placed gastrostomy tube feeding. We report aspiration pneumonia during enteral alimentation in a neurologically compromised but conscious patient. Aspiration continued despite changing the route of enteral feeding from nasogastric to percutaneous gastrostomy. Quantitative scintigraphic studies with Tc-99m-labeled enteral infusion demonstrated frequent episodes of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration of gastric contents, which increased when the infusion rate was speeded up for nutritional replacement. Gastric retention also occurred at the higher infusion rate. Thus, percutaneous gastrostomy may not decrease the frequency of aspiration in patients at risk.
吸入性肺炎是经鼻胃管进行肠内喂养公认的并发症，经皮放置胃造口管喂养时该并发症被认为不常见。我们报告了1例神经功能受损但意识清醒的患者在肠内营养期间发生吸入性肺炎。尽管将肠内喂养途径从鼻胃管改为经皮胃造口管，但仍持续发生误吸。用99m锝标记的肠内输注进行的定量闪烁扫描研究显示，胃食管反流和胃内容物误吸频繁发生，在加快输注速度以进行营养补充时，这种情况会增加。较高的输注速度也会导致胃潴留。因此，经皮胃造口术可能不会降低有风险患者的误吸频率。
