Güven Selis Gülseven
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Mar;57(1):19-23. doi: 10.5152/tao.2019.3940. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
Congenital hearing loss is one of the most important public health problems with a frequency of about 1-6 per 1000 live births all over the world. Although neonatal hearing screening tests are important for the timely detection and rehabilitation of hearing loss, determining the factors that may affect the screening results will contribute greatly to the development of screening programs. In this study, the effects of the modes of delivery on the results of tests in the screening program was investigated.
In this study, the results of 10.575 newborns who were screened according to the National Neonatal Hearing Screening Protocol between January 2013 and May 2017 were evaluated. The screening test results of 2.653 newborns were examined retrospectively according to the type of delivery after candidates were excluded according to the exclusion criteria and risk factors for hearing loss. Of these newborns, 1.571 (59.2%) were born by normal delivery and 1.082 (40.8%) by cesarean section. Screening test results were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square test.
No statistically significant difference was observed among the 2.653 neonatal hearing screening test results in terms of mode of delivery (p>0.05). In both delivery modes, the rate of false positive was found to be high (81.9%) in the first hearing screening test of newborns, and this rate decreased in the second screening test (14.5%).
The mode of delivery has no significant effect on the neonatal hearing screening results; however, the observation that neonates had been more successful in the second screening test in both groups suggests that the test protocol should be re-evaluated in terms of timing.
先天性听力损失是最重要的公共卫生问题之一，全球活产儿中其发生率约为每1000例中有1 - 6例。尽管新生儿听力筛查测试对于听力损失的及时发现和康复很重要，但确定可能影响筛查结果的因素将极大地有助于筛查项目的开展。本研究调查了分娩方式对筛查项目中测试结果的影响。
本研究评估了2013年1月至2017年5月期间按照国家新生儿听力筛查方案进行筛查的10575名新生儿的结果。在根据听力损失的排除标准和危险因素排除候选对象后，回顾性检查了2653名新生儿的筛查测试结果。这些新生儿中，1571名（59.2%）通过顺产出生，1082名（40.8%）通过剖宫产出生。使用Pearson卡方检验分析筛查测试结果。
在2653例新生儿听力筛查测试结果中，未观察到分娩方式方面有统计学显著差异（p>0.05）。在两种分娩方式中，新生儿首次听力筛查测试的假阳性率均较高（81.9%），而在第二次筛查测试中该比率有所下降（14.5%）。
分娩方式对新生儿听力筛查结果无显著影响；然而，两组新生儿在第二次筛查测试中表现更佳这一观察结果表明，应从时间安排方面重新评估测试方案。
