Upadhyay Vandana, Kumar Ankur, Singh Amresh K, Pandey Jayesh
Department of Microbiology, Baba Raghav Das Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Curr Med Mycol. 2019 Mar;5(1):1-6. doi: 10.18502/cmm.5.1.530.
Superficial mycosis is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries, such as India. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to determine the epidemiology of superficial mycosis and identify the most common dermatophytic species in this region.
For the purpose of the study, a total of 220 skin scraping, nail, and hair root specimens were collected. Direct microscopic examination was performed using potassium hydroxide mount. Additionally, the samples were inoculated onto Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and dermatophyte test medium (DTM). The fungal colony of each isolates was stained with lactophenol cotton blue mount, and observed under microscope for species identification.
Out of 220 isolates, 172 samples, obtained from 108 males 64 females, were positive for skin fungal infections by either KOH mount or culture. Furthermore, 113 isolates were identified as dermatophytes, while 59 samples were found to be non-dermatophytes. Among the dermatophytes isolated from different clinical samples, (42/113, 38%) was the most common species, and was the most common infection (36.2%).
As the findings indicated, dermatophytes had an isolation rate of 78%, which is higher than normal. This can be due to the fact that the majority of the patients were from a rural background (71.7%) with a low socioeconomic status and poor personal hygiene who were exposed to climatic changes.
浅表真菌病在热带和亚热带国家更为普遍，如印度。鉴于此，本研究旨在确定浅表真菌病的流行病学情况，并识别该地区最常见的皮肤癣菌种类。
为开展本研究，共收集了220份皮肤刮屑、指甲和毛发根部标本。使用氢氧化钾涂片进行直接显微镜检查。此外，将样本接种到沙氏葡萄糖琼脂（SDA）和皮肤癣菌测试培养基（DTM）上。每个分离株的真菌菌落用乳酚棉蓝涂片染色，并在显微镜下观察以进行种类鉴定。
在220个分离株中，从108名男性和64名女性身上获取的172份样本，通过氢氧化钾涂片或培养法检测出皮肤真菌感染呈阳性。此外，113个分离株被鉴定为皮肤癣菌，而59份样本被发现为非皮肤癣菌。在从不同临床样本中分离出的皮肤癣菌中，（42/113，38%）是最常见的种类，且 是最常见的感染类型（36.2%）。
研究结果表明，皮肤癣菌的分离率为78%，高于正常水平。这可能是由于大多数患者来自农村（71.7%）且社会经济地位较低，个人卫生状况较差，同时还受到气候变化的影响。
