Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2019 Jun;237:157-163. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.04.036. Epub 2019 Apr 22.
Knowing and understanding the reasons why medical students choose postgraduate medical specialities are essential to help influence the workforce for a balanced national healthcare system. The objective of this study was to determine motivating factors for choosing a speciality career in general and, more specifically, for the choice of obstetrics and gynaecology (OBGYN) over surgery or general practice.
This study was based on prospectively collected data from a large research multi-site cross-sectional study. We sent a survey to medical students in the sixth year, which contained questions about demographics, choice of speciality and motives for choosing. We grouped the specialities into families of specialities and motives into motivating factors clustered by principal component analysis. We used a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test to identify differences between motivating factors in speciality categories and gender. We performed logistic regression analyse to compare the choice of OBGYN to choices of surgery and general practice as well as undecided.
A total of 1749 students responded with an average return rate of 56%. Our study revealed four motivating factors: "experiential", "relational", "occupational" and "scientific". Logistic regression analysis showed that the choice of OBGYN was particularly influenced by "experiential factor" (OR 1.5; 95%CI [1.2; 1.9]) and by gender (OR 4.5; 95%CI [2.2; 9.2]). When we compared the motivational profile of OBGYN to other speciality categories, OBGYN appeared to stand between surgery and general practice for the "experiential" and "relational" factors, more like surgery for the "occupational factor" and more like general practice for the "scientific factor".
This study highlighted the importance of "experiential factor" and gender for choosing OBGYN as a career. OBGYN seemed to stand between surgery and general practice from a Swiss students' point of view. These findings provide useful information for targeted interventions to promote OBGYN at the undergraduate level. Such interventions could include providing more hands-on experiences, improving integration of male students and encouraging student involvement in patient care.
了解并理解医学生选择医学专业的原因对于帮助影响国家医疗保健系统的劳动力平衡至关重要。本研究的目的是确定选择专业职业的动机因素，特别是选择妇产科（OBGYN）而不是外科或普通科的原因。
本研究基于一项大型多站点前瞻性横断面研究中收集的数据。我们向第六年的医学生发送了一份包含人口统计学、专业选择和动机问题的调查。我们将专业分为专业家族，根据主成分分析将动机分为动机因素。我们使用多元方差分析（MANOVA）检验来确定专业类别和性别之间的动机因素差异。我们进行逻辑回归分析来比较 OBGYN 与外科和普通科以及未决定的选择。
共有 1749 名学生回复，平均回复率为 56%。我们的研究揭示了四个动机因素：“体验”、“关系”、“职业”和“科学”。逻辑回归分析显示，选择 OBGYN 特别受到“体验因素”（OR 1.5；95%CI [1.2；1.9]）和性别的影响（OR 4.5；95%CI [2.2；9.2]）。当我们将 OBGYN 的激励特征与其他专业类别进行比较时，OBGYN 在“体验”和“关系”因素方面似乎介于外科和普通科之间，在“职业”因素方面更像外科，在“科学”因素方面更像普通科。
本研究强调了“体验因素”和性别对于选择妇产科作为职业的重要性。从瑞士学生的角度来看，OBGYN 似乎处于外科和普通科之间。这些发现为有针对性地干预以促进本科阶段妇产科的发展提供了有用的信息。此类干预措施可以包括提供更多实践经验、改善男学生的融合以及鼓励学生参与患者护理。
