Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, United States.
Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, United States.
Neurosci Lett. 2019 Jul 13;705:202-205. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.04.061. Epub 2019 May 1.
Although histamine functions as a punisher in vertebrate models, its potential aversive effects in invertebrates has gone largely unexamined. We investigated if planaria would develop conditioned place aversions to histamine. In the absence of any training, planaria readily move away from a light source. However, planaria will develop conditioned place preferences for lighted areas if those areas are paired with many of the same psychoactive drugs that produce conditioned place preferences in vertebrates. We confined planaria in the darkened side of a petri dish containing histamine, and they subsequently spent more time in the light than planaria confined initially to the darkened side of a petri dish containing fresh water only. This occurred whether we tested planaria individually or in groups. Pairing histamine with the light side of the petri dish had inconsistent effects, and histamine did not affect behavior under a motility assay. Although histamine altered the planaria behavior, it did not completely overcome the planaria's innate preference for darkened areas. Results add to a growing body of research showing continuity between planaria and vertebrates in the behavioral effects of psychoactive chemicals.
虽然在脊椎动物模型中，组胺起着惩罚者的作用，但它在无脊椎动物中的潜在厌恶效应在很大程度上尚未得到研究。我们研究了水螅是否会对组胺产生条件性位置厌恶。在没有任何训练的情况下，水螅会很容易地远离光源。然而，如果将那些区域与许多在脊椎动物中产生条件性位置偏好的相同精神活性药物配对，水螅将对光照区域产生条件性位置偏好。我们将水螅限制在含有组胺的培养皿的黑暗侧，随后它们在光下停留的时间比最初只限制在含有淡水的培养皿黑暗侧的水螅多。无论是单独测试水螅还是分组测试，都会出现这种情况。将组胺与培养皿的光侧配对会产生不一致的效果，并且组胺在运动性测定下不会影响行为。尽管组胺改变了水螅的行为，但它并没有完全克服水螅对黑暗区域的先天偏好。研究结果增加了越来越多的研究表明，在精神活性化学物质的行为效应方面，水螅与脊椎动物之间存在连续性。
