Agrawal Nisha, Agarwal Lalit T, Lavaju Poonam, Chaudhary Sanjib Kumar
Biratnagar Eye Hospital.
Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2018 Jan;10(19):16-22. doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v10i1.21685.
A large number of hormonal, metabolic, immunologic and haematological changes occur in all organ system of female body during pregnancy. Human eye and its function are no exception to these changes.
To evaluate physiological ocular changes in various trimesters of pregnancy and to compare them amongst the three trimesters.
A hospital based cross sectional study, using judgmental convenient sampling method, was done in both eyes of 120 pregnant females (40 in each trimester), with known last menstrual period, attending antenatal clinic of BPKIHS, Dharan. Women with known systemic or ocular diseases like conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, glaucoma, refractive error, were excluded. Demographic details of all patients were recorded and detailed ocular examination, including best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, vertical and horizontal keratometry, central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure were performed and recorded. A comparison of these parameters was made amongst three trimesters.
Visual acuity of all the subjects was 0 logMAR. Corneal curvature, both vertical and horizontal, significantly increased towards third trimester. Central corneal thickness progressively increased from first to third trimester (p= 0.019 Right eye, 0.016 Left eye). In contrary to this, intraocular pressure significantly decreased during successive stages of pregnancy (P=0.000 both eye).
Significant increase in corneal curvature and central corneal thickness along with, decrease in intraocular pressure occur during successive trimesters of pregnancy. All pregnant women should have routine ocular examination; changes noted, if any, should receive attention and period of gestation should be considered prior to making a diagnosis.
孕期女性身体的所有器官系统都会发生大量激素、代谢、免疫和血液学变化。人眼及其功能也不例外。
评估孕期各阶段的生理性眼部变化，并在三个阶段之间进行比较。
采用判断性便利抽样法，对达兰BPKIHS产前诊所的120名已知末次月经日期的孕妇（每个阶段40名）的双眼进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。排除患有已知系统性或眼部疾病如结膜炎、角膜炎、虹膜睫状体炎、青光眼、屈光不正的女性。记录所有患者的人口统计学细节，并进行详细的眼部检查，包括最佳矫正视力、裂隙灯检查、垂直和水平角膜曲率测量、中央角膜厚度和眼压测量，并记录结果。对这三个阶段的这些参数进行了比较。
所有受试者的视力均为0 logMAR。角膜曲率，无论是垂直还是水平方向，在孕晚期均显著增加。中央角膜厚度从孕早期到孕晚期逐渐增加（右眼p = 0.019，左眼p = 0.016）。与此相反，眼压在孕期连续阶段显著降低（双眼P = 0.000）。
孕期连续阶段角膜曲率和中央角膜厚度显著增加，眼压降低。所有孕妇都应进行常规眼部检查；如有任何变化应予以关注，在做出诊断前应考虑妊娠期。
