Ebeigbe J A, Ebeigbe P N, Ighoroje Ada
Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2012 Jul-Sep;15(3):298-301. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.100624.
Pregnancy results in a lot of hormonal changes in the body and the eyes are no exception. These ocular changes could be physiologic, pathologic or a modification of a pre-existing condition. The aim of this study was to determine physiologic ocular changes that are associated with pregnancy in healthy Nigerian women.
A total of 100 women were followed longitudinally through out the course of their pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum. The women were recruited at 8 weeks of pregnancy at the anti-natal clinic in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. The women were aged between 20 and 35 years. Tests carried out included visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy, retinoscopy, and tonometry. The tests were carried out in each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum.
There was a fall in intraocular pressure across the trimesters and this was very significant (P<0.0001). Postpartum, the intraocular pressure began to rise. The difference between the third trimester and post-partum values was also statistically significant (P< 0.0001). The difference in visual acuity through out the pregnancy was not significant (P= 0.8477). Although, there was a fall in refractive error across the different trimesters, it was not statistically significant (P=0.3). There was also no difference in the third trimester and the 6 weeks postpartum values of both visual acuity and refractive error.
Ocular changes associated with pregnancy are transient and most tend to resolve postpartum, with values returning to near pre-pregnant state.
怀孕会导致身体发生许多激素变化，眼睛也不例外。这些眼部变化可能是生理性的、病理性的或先前存在状况的改变。本研究的目的是确定健康尼日利亚女性怀孕期间相关的生理性眼部变化。
共有100名女性在整个孕期及产后6周接受纵向跟踪。这些女性在尼日利亚贝宁大学教学医院妇产科的产前诊所怀孕8周时被招募。女性年龄在20至35岁之间。进行的检查包括视力、检眼镜检查、视网膜镜检查和眼压测量。这些检查在孕期的三个阶段及产后6周分别进行。
整个孕期眼压下降，且这一变化非常显著（P<0.0001）。产后，眼压开始上升。孕晚期与产后眼压值之间的差异也具有统计学意义（P<0.0001）。整个孕期视力差异不显著（P = 0.8477）。尽管不同孕期屈光不正有所下降，但差异无统计学意义（P = 0.3）。孕晚期与产后6周的视力和屈光不正值也无差异。
与怀孕相关的眼部变化是暂时的，大多数在产后趋于恢复，数值恢复到接近孕前状态。
