Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge K57, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
University of Illinois, Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
Reprod Toxicol. 2019 Aug;87:32-41. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.04.007. Epub 2019 May 3.
Retinoids are essential for reproduction. Most research has focused on the role of retinoic acid signaling in the regulation of meiosis during early fetal germ cell development. However, less attention has been paid to the possible effects of retinoic acid signaling in adult female gonads. Retinoic acid, its receptors, and the key enzymes required for retinoic acid synthesis are expressed in the ovaries and they are involved in the regulation of folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis. Exposure to compounds that can interfere with normal retinoic acid signaling is associated with adverse ovarian outcomes, including altered steroidogenesis and reduction in indicators of ovarian reserve in women and laboratory animal models. These observations call for more attention to retinoids as regulators of adult ovarian physiology and as possible targets of endocrine disruption by environmental chemicals. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of retinoids in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in post-pubertal mammalian ovaries.
类视黄醇对生殖至关重要。大多数研究都集中在视黄酸信号在早期胎儿生殖细胞发育过程中调节减数分裂中的作用。然而，对于视黄酸信号在成年雌性性腺中的可能作用关注较少。视黄酸、其受体以及合成视黄酸所需的关键酶在卵巢中表达，它们参与卵泡发生和类固醇生成的调节。接触可能干扰正常视黄酸信号的化合物与不良的卵巢结局有关，包括类固醇生成改变和卵巢储备标志物减少，在女性和实验室动物模型中均有体现。这些观察结果呼吁更多地关注类视黄醇作为成年卵巢生理学的调节剂，以及作为环境化学物质内分泌干扰的可能靶点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于类视黄醇在青春期后哺乳动物卵巢中卵泡发生和类固醇生成中的作用的知识。
