Department of Veterans Affairs VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Building 210, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA; UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
(c)Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza Driveway, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2019 Jul;114:120-125. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.04.010. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
Social exclusion is associated with reduced self-esteem and cognitive impairments in healthy samples. Individuals with schizophrenia experience social exclusion at a higher rate than the general population, but the specific psychological and cognitive consequences for this group are unknown. We manipulated social exclusion in 35 participants with schizophrenia and 34 demographically-matched healthy controls using Cyberball, a virtual ball-tossing game in which participants believed that they were either being included or excluded by peers. All participants completed both versions of the task (inclusion, exclusion) on separate visits, as well as measures of psychological need security, working memory, and social cognition. Following social exclusion, individuals with schizophrenia showed decreased psychological need security and working memory. Contrary to expectations, they showed an improved ability to detect lies on the social cognitive task. Controls showed a decrease in psychological security after exclusion that was larger than that seen in the schizophrenia group. The results suggest that social support and interventions targeting social integration may benefit community functioning by reducing cognitive impairments and psychological stress.
社会排斥与健康人群的自尊心下降和认知障碍有关。与普通人群相比，精神分裂症患者经历社会排斥的比率更高，但该群体所面临的具体心理和认知后果尚不清楚。我们使用 Cyberball（一种虚拟投球游戏）在 35 名精神分裂症患者和 34 名人口统计学匹配的健康对照者中操纵社会排斥，参与者认为他们是被同龄人所接纳还是排斥。所有参与者都在单独的访问中完成了两个版本的任务（接纳、排斥），以及心理需求安全性、工作记忆和社会认知的测量。在经历社会排斥后，精神分裂症患者表现出心理需求安全性和工作记忆下降。与预期相反，他们在社会认知任务中检测谎言的能力提高了。与精神分裂症组相比，对照组在排斥后心理安全感下降幅度更大。结果表明，通过减少认知障碍和心理压力，社会支持和针对社会融合的干预措施可能会使社区功能受益。
