Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
Ann Epidemiol. 2019 Jul;35:48-52.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.03.004. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
Cognitive development during adolescence affects health long term. We investigated whether level of and change in language-based cognition during adolescence are associated with cognitive performance in midlife.
Participants were enrolled in the Child Health and Development Study and followed during midlife (47-52 years). Adolescent cognition was measured with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test at ages 9-11 years (PPVT-9) and 15-17 years (PPVT-15). We examined PPVT-9, as well as a PPVT change score (derived using the standardized regression-based method) in relation to midlife cognition measures of Wechsler Test of Adult Reading, Verbal Fluency, and Digit Symbol tests. Linear regression models were adjusted for childhood socioeconomic status, age, sex, race, and midlife marital status, education, and occupational score.
In 357 participants (52.1% female, 25.6% African American), both PPVT-9 (β [95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.26 [0.18, 0.34]) and PPVT change score (β [95% CI] = 2.03 [1.27, 2.80]) were associated with Wechsler Test of Adult Reading at midlife. PPVT-9 was associated with midlife Verbal Fluency (β [95% CI] = 0.18 [0.10, 0.25]), whereas PPVT change score was not (β [95% CI] = -0.01 [-0.68, 0.67]). Neither PPVT-9 nor PPVT change score was associated with midlife Digit Symbol.
Both level of and change in language-based cognition during adolescence were associated with midlife vocabulary and language function, even after controlling for midlife occupation and education.
青少年时期的认知发展会对长期健康产生影响。我们研究了青少年时期语言认知水平的变化是否与中年认知表现相关。
参与者纳入儿童健康与发展研究（Child Health and Development Study），并在中年（47-52 岁）期间进行随访。青少年认知采用皮博迪图片词汇测验（Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test）在 9-11 岁（PPVT-9）和 15-17 岁（PPVT-15）时进行测量。我们考察了 PPVT-9，以及使用标准化回归法得出的 PPVT 变化分数（derived using the standardized regression-based method）与韦氏成人阅读测验（Wechsler Test of Adult Reading）、言语流畅性（Verbal Fluency）和数字符号测试（Digit Symbol tests）的中年认知测量值之间的关系。线性回归模型调整了儿童期社会经济地位、年龄、性别、种族以及中年婚姻状况、教育和职业评分。
在 357 名参与者（52.1%为女性，25.6%为非裔美国人）中，PPVT-9（β [95%置信区间 [CI] 0.26 [0.18, 0.34]）和 PPVT 变化分数（β [95% CI] 2.03 [1.27, 2.80]）均与中年韦氏成人阅读测验相关。PPVT-9 与中年言语流畅性相关（β [95% CI] 0.18 [0.10, 0.25]），而 PPVT 变化分数不相关（β [95% CI] -0.01 [-0.68, 0.67]）。PPVT-9 和 PPVT 变化分数均与中年数字符号测试不相关。
青少年时期语言认知水平和变化均与中年词汇和语言功能相关，即使在校正中年职业和教育后依然如此。
