Khangwal Ishu, Shukla Pratyoosh
Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001 India.
3 Biotech. 2019 May;9(5):187. doi: 10.1007/s13205-019-1716-6. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Prebiotics are necessary natural and synthetic food ingredients that help in the growth and development of gut microflora. There is a complex relationship between gut dysbiosis and microbes, so alteration in both probiotics and prebiotics can reduce illness of gut, which further plays a decisive role in human health. The prebiotic efficiency can be validated using various in vitro and in vivo experiments, and this gives an important insight to this field. This review focuses on these aspects including the standardized assessment of prebiotics and its metabolic products for customary applications. This review has also summarized the mechanism of their beneficial actions such as immunomodulation, nutrient absorption, pathogen inhibition, etc., and its significance in human nutrition. In addition to this, some fascinating applications of prebiotics in health-related disorders have also discussed, with current challenges in this facet.
益生元是有助于肠道微生物群生长和发育的必需天然和合成食品成分。肠道生态失调与微生物之间存在复杂的关系，因此益生菌和益生元的改变都可以减少肠道疾病，这对人类健康起着决定性作用。益生元的功效可以通过各种体外和体内实验来验证，这为该领域提供了重要的见解。本综述聚焦于这些方面，包括益生元及其代谢产物在常规应用中的标准化评估。本综述还总结了它们的有益作用机制，如免疫调节、营养吸收、病原体抑制等，以及它们在人类营养中的意义。除此之外，还讨论了益生元在健康相关疾病中的一些有趣应用以及这方面当前面临的挑战。
