Volkan Vamik D
Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA.
Am J Psychoanal. 2019 Jun;79(2):139-155. doi: 10.1057/s11231-019-09186-2.
This paper aims to explore severe societal-political divisions and interferences with democratic processes and human rights issues in many locations around the world, including in the United States, and examines the role of leader-follower relationships related to such developments. The term "large group" describes hundreds, thousands or millions of people- most of whom will never see or even know about each other as individuals, but who share many of the same sentiments. This paper first describes how a child becomes a member of a large-group and how adults sometimes develop a second type of large-group identity. Looking at such phenomena provides the background data needed to examine the spread of the metaphorical question, "Who are we now?" worldwide, as well as to examine the evolution of present-day authoritarian regimes, extreme right-wing politics and rhetoric, wall-building, and societal-political divisions.
本文旨在探讨包括美国在内的世界许多地方存在的严重社会政治分歧、对民主进程的干扰以及人权问题，并审视与这些发展相关的领导者-追随者关系所起的作用。“大群体”一词描述的是数百、数千或数百万的人——他们中的大多数人作为个体永远不会见面甚至互不相识，但却有着许多相同的情感。本文首先描述一个孩子如何成为大群体的一员，以及成年人有时如何形成第二种大群体身份认同。审视这些现象为研究隐喻性问题“我们现在是谁？”在全球的传播，以及审视当今独裁政权的演变、极右翼政治与言论、筑墙行为以及社会政治分歧提供了所需的背景数据。
