Smulders Marinus J M, Arens Paul, Bourke Peter M, Debener Thomas, Linde Marcus, Riek Jan De, Leus Leen, Ruttink Tom, Baudino Sylvie, Hibrant Saint-Oyant Laurence, Clotault Jeremy, Foucher Fabrice
1Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands.
2Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
Hortic Res. 2019 May 3;6:65. doi: 10.1038/s41438-019-0156-0. eCollection 2019.
The recent completion of the rose genome sequence is not the end of a process, but rather a starting point that opens up a whole set of new and exciting activities. Next to a high-quality genome sequence other genomic tools have also become available for rose, including transcriptomics data, a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism array and software to perform linkage and quantitative trait locus mapping in polyploids. Rose cultivars are highly heterogeneous and diverse. This vast diversity in cultivated roses can be explained through the genetic potential of the genus, introgressions from wild species into commercial tetraploid germplasm and the inimitable efforts of historical breeders. We can now investigate how this diversity can best be exploited and refined in future breeding work, given the rich molecular toolbox now available to the rose breeding community. This paper presents possible lines of research now that rose has entered the genomics era, and attempts to partially answer the question that arises after the completion of any draft genome sequence: 'Now that we have "the" genome, what's next?'. Having access to a genome sequence will allow both (fundamental) scientific and (applied) breeding-orientated questions to be addressed. We outline possible approaches for a number of these questions.
玫瑰基因组序列的近期完成并非一个过程的结束，而是一个开启了一系列全新且令人兴奋活动的起点。除了高质量的基因组序列外，其他基因组工具也已可用于玫瑰研究，包括转录组学数据、高密度单核苷酸多态性阵列以及用于在多倍体中进行连锁和数量性状基因座定位的软件。玫瑰栽培品种高度异质且多样。栽培玫瑰的这种巨大多样性可通过该属的遗传潜力、野生物种向商业四倍体种质的渐渗以及历史育种者的独特努力来解释。鉴于现在玫瑰育种界拥有丰富的分子工具箱，我们现在可以研究如何在未来的育种工作中最好地利用和优化这种多样性。本文介绍了玫瑰进入基因组学时代后可能的研究方向，并试图部分回答在任何基因组草图完成后都会出现的问题：“既然我们有了‘这个’基因组，接下来该做什么？”。获得基因组序列将使（基础）科学问题和（应用）育种导向问题都能得到解决。我们概述了针对其中一些问题的可能方法。
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