Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), University of the Balearic Islands, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Cra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Apr;59(3):1191-1204. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01979-6. Epub 2019 May 8.
Mild/moderate maternal calorie restriction during lactation in rats has been associated with a lower predisposition to obesity and a healthier metabolic profile in adult offspring. Here, we aimed to assess the impact of maternal calorie restriction during lactation on milk composition to identify potential candidate components that could be involved in the programming effects in offspring.
An untargeted metabolomic approach in milk samples from 20%-calorie-restricted lactating (CRL) dams and their controls was performed. Levels of leptin, adiponectin, and irisin hormones in milk were also determined at lactating days 5, 10, and 15.
Metabolomic analyses revealed a different metabolite pattern in milk between controls and CRL dams. 29 differential metabolites were tentatively identified (p < 0.05, FC > 1.5). Among them, myo-inositol, which showed greater levels in milk from CRL rats than controls, may be highlighted as one of the biologically plausible candidates that could be related to the beneficial effects of CRL in offspring. Results regarding myo-inositol were validated spectrophotometrically at days 10 and 15 of lactation, and levels in milk were correlated with maternal plasma levels. In addition, milk from CRL dams presented increased levels of adiponectin, decreased levels of irisin, and no changes in leptin levels vs controls throughout lactation.
These data reveal important changes in milk composition due to calorie restriction during lactation that may be involved in the metabolic programming of the healthier phenotype of adult offspring. However, the possible contribution of the specific components is yet to be determined.
在哺乳期对大鼠进行轻度/中度的母体热量限制与成年后代肥胖倾向降低和代谢特征更健康有关。在这里，我们旨在评估哺乳期母体热量限制对乳汁成分的影响，以确定潜在的候选成分，这些成分可能参与后代的编程效应。
对 20%热量限制哺乳期（CRL）母鼠及其对照组的乳汁样本进行非靶向代谢组学分析。还在哺乳期第 5、10 和 15 天测定乳汁中瘦素、脂联素和鸢尾素激素的水平。
代谢组学分析显示对照组和 CRL 母鼠乳汁中存在不同的代谢物模式。鉴定出 29 种差异代谢物（p<0.05，FC>1.5）。其中，CRL 大鼠乳汁中水平较高的肌醇可能是与 CRL 对后代有益影响相关的一种有生物学意义的候选物。在哺乳期第 10 和 15 天，通过分光光度法对肌醇进行了验证，乳汁中的水平与母体血浆水平相关。此外，CRL 母鼠的乳汁中脂联素水平升高，鸢尾素水平降低，而瘦素水平与对照组相比在整个哺乳期没有变化。
这些数据显示哺乳期热量限制导致乳汁成分发生重要变化，这些变化可能参与成年后代更健康表型的代谢编程。然而，特定成分的可能贡献还有待确定。
