Mirhosseini Seyed Ali, Sarfi Mohammad, Samavarchi Tehrani Sadra, Mirazakhani Mohammad, Maniati Mahmood, Amani Jafar
Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cell Biochem. 2019 Aug;120(8):12224-12246. doi: 10.1002/jcb.28847. Epub 2019 May 8.
Cellular signaling pathways play a very important role in almost all molecular processes in the cell, and are generally composed of a complex set of cascades in which enzymes and proteins play a key role. These signaling pathways include different types of cellular signaling classified based on their receptors and effector proteins such as enzyme-linked receptors, cytokine receptors, and G-protein-coupled receptors each of which is subdivided into different classes. Signaling pathways are tightly controlled by different mechanisms mostly thorough inhibiting/activating their receptors or effector proteins. In the last two decades, our knowledge of molecular biology has changed dramatically and today we know that more than 85% of the human genome expresses noncoding RNAs most of which are crucial in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cells. One of these noncoding RNAs are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) containing more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs participate in the progression of cancer growth through several mechanism including signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize some of the most important of lncRNAs and their effect on important signaling pathways.
细胞信号通路在细胞内几乎所有分子过程中都起着非常重要的作用，通常由一组复杂的级联反应组成，其中酶和蛋白质起着关键作用。这些信号通路包括基于其受体和效应蛋白分类的不同类型的细胞信号，如酶联受体、细胞因子受体和G蛋白偶联受体，每种受体又细分为不同类别。信号通路通过不同机制受到严格控制，主要是通过抑制/激活其受体或效应蛋白。在过去二十年中，我们对分子生物学的认识发生了巨大变化，如今我们知道超过85%的人类基因组表达非编码RNA，其中大多数在细胞的细胞和分子机制中至关重要。这些非编码RNA之一是包含超过200个核苷酸的长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）。lncRNA通过包括信号通路在内的多种机制参与癌症生长的进程。在本综述中，我们总结了一些最重要的lncRNA及其对重要信号通路的影响。
