Blood Transfusion Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Vox Sang. 2019 Jul;114(5):426-442. doi: 10.1111/vox.12787. Epub 2019 May 9.
The ABH and Lewis antigens were among the first of the human red blood cell polymorphisms to be identified and, in the case of the former, play a dominant role in transfusion and transplantation. But these two therapies are largely twentieth century innovations, and the ABH and related carbohydrate antigens are not only expressed on a very wide range of human tissues, but were present in primates long before modern humans evolved. Although we have learned a great deal about the biochemistry and genetics of these structures, the biological roles that they play in human health and disease are incompletely understood. This review and its companion, to appear in a later issue of Vox Sanguinis, will focus on a few of the biologic and pathologic processes which appear to be affected by histo-blood group phenotype. The first of the two reviews will explore the interactions of two bacteria with the ABH and Lewis glycoconjugates of their human host cells, and describe the possible connections between the immune response of the human host to infection and the development of the AB-isoagglutinins. The second review will describe the relationship between ABO phenotype and thromboembolic disease, cardio-vascular disease states, and general metabolism.
ABH 和 Lewis 抗原是最早被确定的人类红细胞多态性之一，而就前者而言，其在输血和移植中起主导作用。但这两种疗法主要是 20 世纪的创新，ABH 和相关的碳水化合物抗原不仅广泛表达于人类组织，而且在现代人类进化之前很久就在灵长类动物中存在。尽管我们已经对这些结构的生物化学和遗传学有了很多了解，但它们在人类健康和疾病中的生物学作用还不完全清楚。这篇综述及其在稍后一期《血液之声》上的姊妹篇将重点介绍一些似乎受组织血型表型影响的生物学和病理学过程。这两篇综述中的第一篇将探讨两种细菌与人类宿主细胞的 ABH 和 Lewis 糖缀合物的相互作用，并描述人类宿主对感染的免疫反应与 AB-同种凝集素发展之间的可能联系。第二篇综述将描述 ABO 表型与血栓栓塞性疾病、心血管疾病状态和一般代谢之间的关系。
