College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 24100, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 May 9;16(9):1628. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16091628.
Ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole and ibuprofen are three commonly used drugs which can be detected in aquatic environments. To assess their ecotoxicity, the effects of these three pharmaceuticals and their mixture on AChE (acetylcholinesterase) activity in the brain, and EROD (7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activities in the liver of the freshwater crucian carp were tested after exposure for 1, 2, 4 and 7 days. The results showed that treatments with 0.002⁻0.01 mg/L ofloxacin and 0.0008⁻0.004 mg/L sulfamethoxazole did not significantly change AChE, EROD and SOD activities. AChE activity was significantly inhibited in response to treatment with 0.05mg/L ofloxacin and 0.02mg/L sulfamethoxazole. All three biomarkers were induced significantly in treatments with ibuprofen and the mixture of the three pharmaceuticals at all the tested concentrations. The combined effects of ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole and ibuprofen were compared with their isolated effects on the three biomarkers, and the results indicated that exposure to ibuprofen and the mixture at environmentally relevant concentrations could trigger adverse impacts on . The hazard quotient (HQ) index also demonstrated a high risk for ibuprofen. Moreover, the present study showed that the effects of ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole and ibuprofen might be additive on the physiological indices of .
氧氟沙星、磺胺甲恶唑和布洛芬是三种常用的药物，可在水生环境中检测到。为了评估它们的生态毒性，研究了这三种药物及其混合物对淡水鲫鱼大脑乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性和肝脏 EROD（7-乙氧基Resorufin-O-脱乙基酶）和 SOD（超氧化物歧化酶）活性的影响，暴露时间为 1、2、4 和 7 天。结果表明，浓度为 0.002-0.01mg/L 的氧氟沙星和 0.0008-0.004mg/L 的磺胺甲恶唑对 AChE、EROD 和 SOD 活性没有显著影响。浓度为 0.05mg/L 的氧氟沙星和 0.02mg/L 的磺胺甲恶唑可显著抑制 AChE 活性。在测试的所有浓度下，布洛芬和三种药物混合物均显著诱导了三种生物标志物的表达。比较了氧氟沙星、磺胺甲恶唑和布洛芬的联合作用与其对三种生物标志物的单独作用，结果表明，在环境相关浓度下暴露于布洛芬和混合物会对鲫鱼产生不良影响。危害商（HQ）指数也表明布洛芬有很高的风险。此外，本研究表明，氧氟沙星、磺胺甲恶唑和布洛芬对鲫鱼的生理指标可能有相加作用。
