Snow Grace, Guardiani Elizabeth
Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 16 South Eutaw Street, Suite 500, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
University of Maryland School of Medicine, 16 South Eutaw Street, Suite 500, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2019 Aug;52(4):759-767. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.03.018. Epub 2019 May 7.
The primary movement disorders affecting the voice are laryngeal dystonia (including spasmodic dysphonia), essential voice tremor, and Parkinson disease. Diagnosis of these conditions is clinical and based on a detailed history, voice evaluation, and physical and laryngoscopic examination. Laryngeal dystonia and essential voice tremor are hyperfunctional disorders and are treated most commonly with botulinum toxin injections. Parkinson disease is a hypofunctional disorder that may affect the voice and most commonly is treated with Lee Silverman Voice Treatment.
影响嗓音的主要运动障碍包括喉肌张力障碍（包括痉挛性发声障碍）、原发性嗓音震颤和帕金森病。这些疾病的诊断基于临床，依据详细病史、嗓音评估以及体格检查和喉镜检查。喉肌张力障碍和原发性嗓音震颤属于功能亢进性疾病，最常用肉毒杆菌毒素注射进行治疗。帕金森病是一种功能减退性疾病，可能影响嗓音，最常用李氏嗓音疗法进行治疗。
