School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
BMJ Open. 2019 May 10;9(5):e027212. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027212.
To identify associations between anthropometric indicators (height, weight and body mass index (BMI)) and both refraction and ocular biometrics in Chinese schoolchildren in Tianjin, China.
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 482 (86.07%) students (6-15 years old) with no history of ocular or systemic pathologies were enrolled in this study.
Height and weight were measured using standardised protocols. Ocular biometrics (axial length (AL), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and corneal curvature (CC)) were measured by a low-coherence optical reflectometry device. Cycloplegic refraction was measured using autorefraction. The AL/CC ratio and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were calculated. Myopia was defined as SER ≤-0.50 dioptres (D). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the associations between anthropometric indicators (height, weight and BMI) and both refraction and ocular biometrics.
The overall prevalence of myopia was 71.16%. Overall, only height was associated with ALs, VCDs, AL/CC ratios and refractions after controlling for age, gender, parental myopia, family income, reading and writing distance and time spent outdoors. Furthermore, age-specific results demonstrated that height and weight were independently associated with refraction in participants aged 6-8 years and 9-11 years participants. Higher heights in schoolchildren were associated with longer ALs (regression coefficient =+0.25 for each 10 cm difference in height, p<0.01), deeper VCDs (=+0.23, p<0.01), higher AL/CC ratios (=+0.04, p<0.01) and more negative refractions (=-0.48, p<0.01). Heavier weights were also associated with longer ALs (+0.29 mm, p<0.01), deeper VCDs (+0.29 mm, p<0.01), higher AL/CC ratios (+0.04, p<0.01) and more negative refractions (-0.48 D, p<0.01).
Height and weight remained independently related to refraction and various ocular biometrics during the early adolescent growth period after adequately controlling for covariates, which could support the idea that a shared mechanism may regulate the coordinated growth of body and eye size in children.
在中国天津的汉族学龄儿童中，鉴定人体测量学指标（身高、体重和体重指数（BMI））与屈光和眼生物测量学之间的关系。
横断面研究。
共有 482 名（86.07%）无眼部或全身疾病史的学生（6-15 岁）参与了这项研究。
使用标准化方案测量身高和体重。使用低相干光反射计设备测量眼生物测量学（眼轴（AL）、玻璃体腔深度（VCD）和角膜曲率（CC））。使用自动折射仪测量睫状肌麻痹屈光。计算 AL/CC 比值和等效球镜屈光（SER）。近视定义为 SER≤-0.50 屈光度（D）。采用多元线性回归分析探讨人体测量学指标（身高、体重和 BMI）与屈光和眼生物测量学之间的关系。
总体近视患病率为 71.16%。总体而言，仅身高与 ALs、VCDs、AL/CC 比值和屈光在控制年龄、性别、父母近视、家庭收入、阅读和写作距离以及户外活动时间后相关。此外，年龄特异性结果表明，身高和体重与 6-8 岁和 9-11 岁参与者的屈光独立相关。儿童身高较高与 AL 较长（身高每增加 10cm，回归系数为+0.25，p<0.01）、VCD 较深（=+0.23，p<0.01）、AL/CC 比值较高（=+0.04，p<0.01）和屈光更负相关（=-0.48，p<0.01）相关。体重较重也与 AL 较长（+0.29mm，p<0.01）、VCD 较深（+0.29mm，p<0.01）、AL/CC 比值较高（=+0.04，p<0.01）和屈光更负相关（=-0.48D，p<0.01）相关。
在充分控制协变量后，身高和体重在青少年早期生长期间仍然与屈光和各种眼生物测量学独立相关，这支持了一个共同的机制可能调节儿童身体和眼睛大小协调生长的观点。
