Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Tianjin Beichen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 18;10:1059465. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1059465. eCollection 2022.
To explore the associations between anthropometric indicators and refraction in school-aged children in the post-COVID-19 era.
Data were collected from 25,644 children aged 7 to 12 years in 48 elementary schools in Tianjin. The comprehensive examination included height, weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), refraction, and calculation of BMI, with a follow-up visit after 6 months. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤-0.50 diopter (D). Bivariate correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression models were used to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between anthropometric indicators (height, weight, BMI, SBP, and DBP) and refraction.
The mean changes in height, weight, BMI, SBP, DBP, and SER of the participants were 4.03 ± 2.18 cm, 3.10 ± 2.39 kg, 0.45 ± 1.16 kg/m, 2.26 ± 14.74 mmHg, 2.18 ± 11.79 mmHg and -0.17 ± 0.51 D, respectively. Overall, height, weight, BMI, SBP, and DBP were all correlated with SER ( = -0.324, = -0.234, = -0.121, = -0.112, = -0.066, both < 0.001), and changes in height and weight were correlated with changes in SER ( = -0.034, -0.031, both < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the association of BMI, SBP, and DBP with SER was significant in myopic children but not in non-myopic children. The association between changes in weight and changes in SER was only present in non-myopic children but not in myopic children.
Height and weight were negatively correlated with SER in both cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal changes, indicating that children's height, weight and growth rate may be used as a reference indicator for myopia risk prediction and myopia progression monitoring.
探讨新冠疫情后时代学龄儿童人体测量指标与屈光不正的关系。
数据来自天津市 48 所小学的 25644 名 7 至 12 岁儿童。综合检查包括身高、体重、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、屈光不正，并计算体重指数（BMI），6 个月后进行随访。近视定义为等效球镜（SER）≤-0.50 屈光度（D）。使用双变量相关系数和多元线性回归模型探讨了人体测量指标（身高、体重、BMI、SBP 和 DBP）与屈光不正的横断面和纵向关系。
参与者的身高、体重、BMI、SBP、DBP 和 SER 平均变化分别为 4.03 ± 2.18 cm、3.10 ± 2.39 kg、0.45 ± 1.16 kg/m、2.26 ± 14.74 mmHg、2.18 ± 11.79 mmHg 和-0.17 ± 0.51 D。总体而言，身高、体重、BMI、SBP 和 DBP 均与 SER 呈负相关（ = -0.324， = -0.234， = -0.121， = -0.112， = -0.066，均<0.001），身高和体重的变化与 SER 的变化呈正相关（ = -0.034，-0.031，均<0.001）。此外，多元线性回归分析表明，BMI、SBP 和 DBP 与 SER 的相关性在近视儿童中显著，而非近视儿童中则不显著。体重变化与 SER 变化的相关性仅存在于非近视儿童中，而不存在于近视儿童中。
在横断面分析和纵向变化中，身高和体重与 SER 呈负相关，表明儿童的身高、体重和生长速度可用作近视风险预测和近视进展监测的参考指标。
