Barcelos Isabella Peixoto de, Troxell Regina M, Graves Jennifer S
Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093-0935, USA.
Biology (Basel). 2019 May 11;8(2):37. doi: 10.3390/biology8020037.
In recent years, several studies have examined the potential associations between mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. In MS, neurological disability results from inflammation, demyelination, and ultimately, axonal damage within the central nervous system. The sustained inflammatory phase of the disease leads to ion channel changes and chronic oxidative stress. Several independent investigations have demonstrated mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency in MS, as well as abnormalities in mitochondrial transport. These processes create an energy imbalance and contribute to a parallel process of progressive neurodegeneration and irreversible disability. The potential roles of mitochondria in neurodegeneration are reviewed. An overview of mitochondrial diseases that may overlap with MS are also discussed, as well as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of MS and other neurodegenerative conditions.
近年来，多项研究探讨了线粒体功能障碍与多发性硬化症（MS）、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病之间的潜在关联。在MS中，神经功能障碍源于中枢神经系统内的炎症、脱髓鞘，最终导致轴突损伤。疾病的持续炎症阶段会导致离子通道变化和慢性氧化应激。多项独立研究已证实MS中线粒体呼吸链缺陷以及线粒体运输异常。这些过程造成能量失衡，并促成渐进性神经退行性变和不可逆残疾的平行过程。本文综述了线粒体在神经退行性变中的潜在作用。还讨论了可能与MS重叠的线粒体疾病概述，以及治疗MS和其他神经退行性疾病的潜在治疗靶点。
