自闭症谱系障碍儿童喂养问题的发展轨迹。
Developmental Trajectories of Feeding Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
机构信息
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University.
Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University.
出版信息
J Pediatr Psychol. 2019 Sep 1;44(8):988-998. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz033.
OBJECTIVE
Although feeding problems are a common concern in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), few longitudinal studies have examined their persistence over time. The purpose of this study was to examine the developmental progression of feeding problems across four time points in preschoolers with ASD.
METHODS
Group-based trajectory analyses revealed four distinct trajectories of feeding problems in our sample (N = 396).
RESULTS
The majority of children showed levels of feeding problems that were low from the outset and stable (Group 1; 26.3%) or moderate and declining over time (Group 2; 38.9%). A third group (26.5%) showed high levels of feeding problems as preschoolers that declined to the average range by school age. Few participants (8.3%) showed evidence of severe chronic feeding problems. Feeding problems were more highly correlated with general behavior problems than with autism symptom severity.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, our findings demonstrated that in our sample of children with ASD, most feeding problems remitted over time, but a small subgroup showed chronic feeding problems into school age. It is important to consider and assess feeding problems in ASD against the backdrop of typical development, as many children with ASD may show improvement with age.
目的
尽管喂养问题是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童常见的关注点，但很少有纵向研究考察其随时间的持续存在。本研究旨在检验学龄前 ASD 儿童在四个时间点上喂养问题的发展变化轨迹。
方法
基于群组的轨迹分析揭示了我们样本中存在四种不同的喂养问题轨迹（N=396）。
结果
大多数儿童的喂养问题水平从一开始就较低且稳定（第 1 组；26.3%）或中等且随时间下降（第 2 组；38.9%）。三分之一的儿童（26.5%）在学龄前时表现出较高的喂养问题水平，到学龄时下降到平均范围。很少有参与者（8.3%）表现出严重慢性喂养问题的迹象。喂养问题与一般行为问题的相关性高于与自闭症症状严重程度的相关性。
结论
总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在我们的 ASD 儿童样本中，大多数喂养问题随时间缓解，但一小部分儿童的喂养问题持续到学龄期。在考虑 ASD 中的喂养问题时，需要结合典型发展来评估，因为许多 ASD 儿童可能会随着年龄的增长而有所改善。
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