Floß N, Dolff S
Klinik für Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland.
Internist (Berl). 2019 Jul;60(7):678-683. doi: 10.1007/s00108-019-0615-6.
Infections in immunosuppressed patients represent a particular challenge in the diagnostics and treatment. They often present with atypical and particularly severe courses, for which rapid diagnostics and treatment are decisive for treatment success. Opportunistic infections with human herpes viruses occur not only more frequently in immunocompromised patients compared to healthy people but also represent a special challenge. In the treatment of immunosuppressed patients, e.g. with human immunodeficiency virus infections and patients with solid organ transplantations, infections with herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus are particularly important. The symtoms are very variable, ranging from asymptomatic detection of viremia to vital life-threatening organ manifestations. This review article describes the most important clinical presentations of these opportunistic infections. Furthermore, the diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for human herpes viruses are summarized.
免疫抑制患者的感染在诊断和治疗方面是一项特殊挑战。这些感染往往呈现非典型且特别严重的病程，对于治疗成功而言，快速诊断和治疗至关重要。与健康人相比，人类疱疹病毒引起的机会性感染不仅在免疫功能低下的患者中更频繁发生，而且也是一项特殊挑战。在免疫抑制患者的治疗中，例如感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的患者和实体器官移植患者，单纯疱疹病毒、水痘带状疱疹病毒、EB病毒和巨细胞病毒感染尤为重要。其症状变化很大，从无症状的病毒血症检测到危及生命的重要器官表现。这篇综述文章描述了这些机会性感染最重要的临床表现。此外，还总结了人类疱疹病毒的诊断、治疗和预防策略。
