Canada Research Chair in Source Water Protection, Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada; NSERC Industrial Chair in Drinking Water Treatment, Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
Canada Research Chair in Source Water Protection, Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 1;659:548-560. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.378. Epub 2018 Dec 27.
A set of fecal indicator bacteria and alternative markers were tested for their use to identify priority sectors of two urban watersheds in the Greater Montreal region with unintended household sewage connections to storm drainage systems. Analyses were performed for thermotolerant (fecal) coliforms (FC), Escherichia coli, human-specific Bacteroidales (HF183) and mitochondrial DNA (Hmt) markers, carbamazepine (CBZ), caffeine (CAF), theophylline (THEO) and acetaminophen (ACE). A high incidence of human fecal contamination was observed, illustrating the need for a method to appropriately prioritize sectors for the rehabilitation of sewer cross-connections. Concentrations of alternative markers were not significantly different between the residential and industrial/commercial/institutional (ICI) sectors. However, median E. coli concentrations were higher in the residential as compared to ICI sectors (p < 0.05). Hmt marker, CAF, and THEO were well correlated to E. coli in the ICI sector (r > 0.61, p < 0.05). Considering all sites, only CAF and THEO were correlated to E. coli (r > 0.59, p < 0.05), possibly as a result of higher E. coli inputs from other sources such as domestic animals or fauna in the residential sector. Thresholds were determined to relate alternative markers to E. coli for use in an index for prioritizing sectors with sewer cross-connections. HF183, Hmt, CAF, THEO, and ACE were identified as suitable markers for identifying sewer cross-connections and are more reliable than E. coli alone, most importantly in residential sectors.
一组粪便指示菌和替代标志物被测试用于识别两个位于大蒙特利尔地区的城市流域中因意外将家庭污水连接到雨水排水系统而成为优先区域的特征。分析了耐热（粪便）大肠菌群（FC）、大肠杆菌、人特异性拟杆菌（HF183）和线粒体 DNA（Hmt）标志物、卡马西平（CBZ）、咖啡因（CAF）、茶碱（THEO）和对乙酰氨基酚（ACE）。观察到高比例的人类粪便污染，这表明需要有一种方法来适当优先考虑修复污水交叉连接的区域。替代标志物的浓度在住宅和工业/商业/机构（ICI）部门之间没有显著差异。然而，与 ICI 部门相比，住宅部门的大肠杆菌浓度中位数更高（p<0.05）。在 ICI 部门，Hmt 标志物、CAF 和 THEO 与大肠杆菌相关性良好（r>0.61，p<0.05）。考虑到所有地点，只有 CAF 和 THEO 与大肠杆菌相关（r>0.59，p<0.05），这可能是由于住宅部门中来自其他来源（如家畜或动物区系）的大肠杆菌输入更高所致。确定了阈值，以将替代标志物与大肠杆菌相关联，用于优先考虑具有污水交叉连接的部门的指数。HF183、Hmt、CAF、THEO 和 ACE 被确定为识别污水交叉连接的合适标志物，比单独的大肠杆菌更可靠，特别是在住宅部门。
