Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
School of Applied Psychology, Social Work and Policy, College of Arts and Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia.
Aging Ment Health. 2020 Oct;24(10):1620-1626. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1619167. Epub 2019 May 17.
More positive attitudes to aging are associated with better health and wellbeing outcomes. This study examined whether chronological age moderated relationships between attitudes to aging and wellbeing outcomes, and whether these relationships differ according to the specific attitudinal construct measured. Participants were 911 adults aged 18-60 years (mean = 36.63 years). Attitudes to ageing were measured using the Malay Reactions to Ageing Questionnaire (M-RAQ), which focuses on respondents' anticipated reactions to being aged over 65 years, and the Malay Anxiety about Ageing Scale (M-AAS), which additionally captures respondents' fears and anxieties about current aging and older people. Wellbeing outcomes were measured using the Warwick- Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). More positive attitudes to ageing were associated with higher levels of wellbeing and life satisfaction after controlling for age, gender, education, and self-rated health. Age moderated the relationships between the M-AAS and wellbeing and life satisfaction, with stronger relationships in younger adults. No moderating effects of age were found for the M-RAQ. The difference in the moderating effects of age between measures suggests that the two attitudinal constructs captured by these two measures operate in different ways. In particular, the current emotional/anxiety components of attitudes to ageing may differentially affect wellbeing at different ages. This suggests that interventions aimed at the promotion of wellbeing through coping with aging-related anxieties might be particularly well-suited to younger adults, who may be less able to respond effectively to the anxieties they experience.
更积极的老龄化态度与更好的健康和幸福感结果相关。本研究考察了年龄是否调节了对老龄化的态度与幸福感结果之间的关系，以及这些关系是否因所测量的特定态度结构而异。参与者为 911 名年龄在 18-60 岁的成年人（平均年龄为 36.63 岁）。使用马来反应老化问卷（M-RAQ）测量对老龄化的态度，该问卷侧重于受访者对 65 岁以上年龄的预期反应，以及马来老龄化焦虑量表（M-AAS），该问卷还捕捉了受访者对当前老龄化和老年人的恐惧和焦虑。使用沃里克-爱丁堡心理健康量表（WEMWBS）和生活满意度量表（SWLS）测量幸福感结果。在控制年龄、性别、教育程度和自我报告的健康状况后，对老龄化的更积极态度与更高的幸福感和生活满意度相关。年龄调节了 M-AAS 与幸福感和生活满意度之间的关系，在年轻成年人中关系更强。对于 M-RAQ，年龄没有调节作用。这两种测量方法的年龄调节作用的差异表明，这两个测量方法所捕捉到的两个态度结构以不同的方式运作。特别是，对老龄化的当前情绪/焦虑成分可能会在不同年龄对幸福感产生不同的影响。这表明，通过应对与老龄化相关的焦虑来促进幸福感的干预措施可能特别适合年轻成年人，他们可能不太能够有效地应对他们所经历的焦虑。
