Cognitive Science Program, 819 Eigenmann, 1900 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN 47406-7512, United States.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN 47405-7007, United States.
Alcohol. 2020 May;84:33-42. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.05.003. Epub 2019 May 15.
Music is a ubiquitous feature of young adults' social drinking environments, yet no studies have assessed whether and how it impacts risky decisions to drink alcohol. Previous research on the influence of music on risky decisions is largely based around decision tasks with monetary incentives.
To assess the impact of music listening on risky drinking decisions, the current study used visual alcohol cues paired with hypothetical risky drinking scenarios (e.g., "You do not have a safe ride home" for alcohol). Young adult women with a history of alcohol abuse (N = 34) and casual-drinking control women (N = 29) made hypothetical decisions about whether or not to drink alcohol, or eat food (an appetitive control condition), in risky contexts while personal "party music" (music chosen by participants for "going out") and "home music" (music chosen for "staying in") played in the background. The main dependent measure - likelihood of drinking - was reported on a 4-point scale where 1 corresponded to "very unlikely", and 4 to "very likely".
Listening to party music while making decisions increased the likelihood of making risky decisions, regardless of alcohol abuse history, while other personal music did not. Further, party music specifically increased the likelihood of risky drinking decisions relative to risky eating decisions. As expected, those with a history of alcohol abuse made more risky drinking decisions in general, regardless of the type of music heard.
The results suggest that party music is an important feature of the drinking environment associated with increased risky decisions about drinking alcohol in young adult women, regardless of their history of alcohol abuse. The finding that music plays an important role in risky drinking decisions indicates that further investigation into the real-world drinking environments of young adults is crucial, as it will aid in the development of a more complete picture of risky drinking decisions in young adults.
音乐是年轻人社交饮酒环境中无处不在的特征，但尚无研究评估其是否以及如何影响饮酒的风险决策。先前关于音乐对风险决策影响的研究主要基于具有货币激励的决策任务。
为了评估音乐聆听对冒险饮酒决策的影响，本研究使用视觉酒精线索与假设的冒险饮酒情景（例如，“没有安全回家的交通工具”）配对。有酒精滥用史的年轻成年女性（N=34）和随意饮酒的对照女性（N=29）在有风险的情境中做出关于是否饮酒或进食（一种开胃控制条件）的假设决策，而个人“派对音乐”（参与者选择的“外出”音乐）和“家庭音乐”（选择的“居家”音乐）在背景中播放。主要的因变量——饮酒的可能性——以 4 点量表报告，其中 1 对应于“极不可能”，4 对应于“极有可能”。
无论是否有酒精滥用史，在做出决策时听派对音乐都会增加做出冒险决策的可能性，而其他个人音乐则不会。此外，派对音乐与冒险饮酒决策相比，更能增加冒险进食决策的可能性。正如预期的那样，无论听到哪种音乐，有酒精滥用史的人总体上做出更多冒险的饮酒决策。
结果表明，派对音乐是与年轻成年女性饮酒风险决策增加相关的饮酒环境的重要特征，而与她们的酒精滥用史无关。音乐在冒险饮酒决策中起着重要作用的发现表明，进一步调查年轻人的真实饮酒环境至关重要，因为这将有助于更全面地了解年轻人的冒险饮酒决策。
