Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, E37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, E37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Cells. 2019 May 16;8(5):465. doi: 10.3390/cells8050465.
Vav proteins play roles as guanosine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases and signaling adaptors downstream of protein tyrosine kinases. The recent sequencing of the genomes of many species has revealed that this protein family originated in choanozoans, a group of unicellular organisms from which animal metazoans are believed to have originated from. Since then, the Vav family underwent expansions and reductions in its members during the evolutionary transitions that originated the agnates, chondrichthyes, some teleost fish, and some neoaves. Exotic members of the family harboring atypical structural domains can be also found in some invertebrate species. In this review, we will provide a phylogenetic perspective of the evolution of the Vav family. We will also pay attention to the structure, signaling properties, regulatory layers, and functions of Vav proteins in both invertebrate and vertebrate species.
Vav 蛋白作为 Rho GTPases 的鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子和蛋白酪氨酸激酶下游的信号接头发挥作用。最近对许多物种的基因组进行测序表明，该蛋白家族起源于领鞭虫，这是一组单细胞生物，据信动物后生动物就是从这些生物中起源的。此后，Vav 家族在进化过程中经历了成员的扩张和减少，这些进化产生了有颌类、软骨鱼、一些硬骨鱼和一些新鸟类。也可以在一些无脊椎动物物种中发现具有非典型结构域的家族的外来成员。在这篇综述中，我们将提供 Vav 家族进化的系统发生观点。我们还将关注 Vav 蛋白在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物物种中的结构、信号特性、调节层和功能。
