1 Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
2 Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
J Med Microbiol. 2019 Jun;68(6):961-972. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001000. Epub 2019 May 20.
Antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate-based bone cement has been implemented in orthopaedics to cope with implant-related infections associated with the formation of bacterial biofilms. In the context of emerging bacterial resistance to current antibiotics, we examined the efficacy of short antimicrobial peptide-loaded bone cement in inhibiting bacterial adhesion and consequent biofilm formation on its surface.
The ability of α-helical antimicrobial peptides composed of 12 amino acid residues to prevent bacterial biofilm [methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli] formation on the surface of model implants made from polymethylmethacrylate-based bone cement was evaluated by colony-forming unit (c.f.u.) counting of bacteria released by sonication from the biofilms formed on their surfaces. The biofilms on model implant surfaces were also visualized by light microscopy after staining with tetrazolium dye (MTT) and by scanning electron microscopy.
When incorporated in the implants, these peptides caused a mean reduction in the number of bacterial cells attached to implants' surfaces (by five orders of magnitude), and 88 % of these implants showed no bacterial adhesion after being exposed to growth media containing various bacteria.
The results showed that the antibiofilm activity of these peptides was comparable to that of the antibiotics, but the peptides exhibited broader specificity than the antibiotics. Given the rapid development of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptides show promise as a substitute for antibiotics for loading into bone cements.
载抗生素聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥已应用于矫形外科，以应对与细菌生物膜形成相关的植入物相关感染。在当前抗生素出现细菌耐药的背景下，我们研究了短抗菌肽载骨水泥抑制其表面细菌黏附和随后生物膜形成的功效。
通过对模型植入物表面形成的生物膜进行超声处理后释放的细菌进行菌落形成单位（c.f.u.）计数，评估由 12 个氨基酸残基组成的α-螺旋抗菌肽防止模型植入物（耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、表皮葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌）表面细菌生物膜形成的能力。通过四唑染料（MTT）染色和扫描电子显微镜观察，还可以观察到模型植入物表面生物膜的光镜图像。
当这些肽掺入植入物中时，它们导致附着在植入物表面的细菌细胞数量平均减少了五个数量级，并且在暴露于含有各种细菌的生长培养基后，这些植入物中有 88%没有细菌黏附。
结果表明，这些肽的抗生物膜活性与抗生素相当，但肽比抗生素具有更广泛的特异性。鉴于抗生素耐药性的迅速发展，抗菌肽有望替代抗生素载入骨水泥。
