Crowley T J, Andrews A E
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1987;92(2):196-205. doi: 10.1007/BF00177915.
We have developed two protocols for inducing sustained, high-dose, alcohol-reinforced, oral alcohol drinking among some members of Macaca nemestrina social groups. Both protocols initially co-present alcohol and the entire daily food supply in a 2-h daily drinking session, with a later return to continuous availability of food. One protocol presents unflavored aqueous alcohol to partially food-deprived subjects; the other compares the drinking of flavored alcohol solutions with the drinking of equally palatable isocaloric non-alcohol solutions when monkeys are not deprived of food. Daily high-dose drinking developed in both protocols, with biomedical changes similar to those of early human alcoholism. Daily drinking to blood alcohol concentrations above 100 mg/dl was sustained in some animals after return to baseline food conditions, and this may have been related to social rank within the groups. Alcohol reinforced drinking of the flavored solutions. Although food deprivation initially produced heavier drinking, drinking with the two protocols was equivalent after return to baseline feeding conditions. These procedures open new opportunities for examining combined social and genetic influences on alcoholic-like drinking.
我们已经开发出两种方案，用于诱导豚尾猕猴社会群体中的部分成员持续大量饮用酒精强化的口服酒精饮料。两种方案最初都在每天2小时的饮酒时段中将酒精与全天的食物供应同时呈现，随后恢复食物的持续供应。一种方案是向部分食物受限的实验对象提供无味的酒精水溶液；另一种方案是在猴子未处于食物受限状态时，比较其饮用加味酒精溶液与饮用同等可口的等热量无酒精溶液的情况。两种方案都促成了每日大量饮酒的行为，且出现了与早期人类酒精中毒相似的生物医学变化。在恢复到基线食物条件后，一些动物仍能持续每日饮酒至血液酒精浓度超过100mg/dl，这可能与群体内的社会等级有关。酒精强化了对加味溶液的饮用。虽然最初食物受限会导致饮酒量增加，但在恢复到基线喂养条件后，两种方案下的饮酒量相当。这些程序为研究社会和基因对类似酒精成瘾性饮酒的综合影响提供了新机会。
