Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22 B, SE-413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Health Metrics, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2019 Oct;92(7):1013-1021. doi: 10.1007/s00420-019-01437-0. Epub 2019 May 20.
Burnout is a mental condition described as being a result of long-term stressors commonly related to psychosocial factors at work. The aim of the present study was to investigate longitudinal relationships between job demands, decision authority, effort and reward, and symptoms of burnout, as well as the joint effects of job demands and decision authority, and of effort and reward.
The data came from a four-wave longitudinal cohort study of Swedish health care workers. Longitudinal associations were analysed using mixed effects regression models with random intercept.
The concurrent analysis showed that demand and decision authority, as well as effort and reward, were associated with symptoms of burnout over time. Evidence of the lagged effects of workplace factors on burnout symptoms was limited to reward. No clear effect modification was found.
An increase in unfavourable working conditions implied increasing scores on the burnout measure over time. The concurrent effects of job demands, decision authority, effort and reward on symptoms of burnout were seen. The evidence of lagged effects was limited to the low-reward condition. Regularly monitoring these work environment conditions at workplaces can help identify risk situations for burnout and thus be useful in the prevention of work-related mental illness. Lastly, a new approach to defining the risk groups was proposed, which is consistent across different populations and time points.
burnout 是一种心理状态，被描述为长期压力的结果，这些压力通常与工作中的心理社会因素有关。本研究的目的是调查工作需求、决策自主权、努力和回报与 burnout 症状之间的纵向关系，以及工作需求和决策自主权、努力和回报之间的联合效应。
数据来自于一项针对瑞典医疗保健工作者的四波纵向队列研究。使用具有随机截距的混合效应回归模型分析纵向关联。
同期分析表明，需求和决策自主权以及努力和回报与 burnout 症状随时间的推移有关。工作场所因素对 burnout 症状的滞后效应的证据仅限于奖励。没有发现明显的修饰作用。
不利工作条件的增加意味着 burnout 衡量标准的得分随时间的推移而增加。工作需求、决策自主权、努力和回报对 burnout 症状的同期影响是可见的。滞后效应的证据仅限于低回报的情况。定期监测工作场所的这些工作环境条件有助于识别 burnout 的风险情况，从而有助于预防与工作相关的精神疾病。最后，提出了一种新的定义风险群体的方法，该方法在不同的人群和时间点上是一致的。
