Environmental Biotechnology Department, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jul;26(19):19171-19179. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05087-0. Epub 2019 May 3.
Biological wastewater treatment using biofilm systems is an effective way to treat difficult wastewater, such as coke wastewater. The information about the structure and the dynamics of this microbial community in biofilm, which are responsible for wastewater treatment, is relevant in the context of treatment efficacy and the biochemical potential to remove various pollutants. However, physico-chemical factors can influence the biofilm community significantly, causing performance disturbances. Therefore, we decided to examine the structure of microbial community in rotating biological contactor (RBC) biofilm during coke wastewater treatment and to investigate the possible shift in the community structure caused by the feeding medium change from synthetic to real coke wastewater. The experiment performed with high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed that bacteria commonly present in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) systems, responsible for nitrite oxidizing, such as Nitrospira or Nitrobacter, were absent or below detection threshold, while Nitrosomonas, responsible for ammonia oxidizing, was detected in a relatively small number especially after shift to real coke wastewater. This research indicates that medium change could cause the change from autotrophic into heterotrophic nitrification led by Acinetobacter. Moreover, biofilm systems can be also a potential source of bacteria possessing high biochemical potential for pollutants removal but less known in WWTP systems, as well as potentially pathogenic microorganisms.
采用生物膜系统的生物废水处理是处理难处理废水（如焦化废水）的有效方法。负责废水处理的生物膜中微生物群落的结构和动态信息与处理效果和去除各种污染物的生化潜力有关。然而，物理化学因素会对生物膜群落产生重大影响，导致性能紊乱。因此，我们决定研究在处理焦化废水过程中旋转生物接触器（RBC）生物膜中的微生物群落结构，并研究由于从合成到实际焦化废水的进料介质变化可能导致的群落结构变化。使用高通量下一代测序（NGS）进行的实验表明，通常存在于废水处理厂（WWTP）系统中、负责亚硝酸盐氧化的细菌，如 Nitrospira 或 Nitrobacter，要么不存在，要么低于检测阈值，而负责氨氧化的 Nitrosomonas 的数量相对较少，特别是在切换到实际焦化废水后。这项研究表明，介质变化可能导致由不动杆菌引起的从自养硝化向异养硝化的转变。此外，生物膜系统也可能是具有高生化潜力去除污染物的细菌的潜在来源，但在 WWTP 系统中知之甚少，以及潜在的致病微生物。
