UMR DGIMI 1333 INRA Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Centre de foresterie des Laurentides, Ressources naturelles Canada, Québec, Canada.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2019 Apr;32:47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.10.007. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
Ichnoviruses (IVs) are mutualistic, double-stranded DNA viruses playing a key role in the successful parasitism of thousands of endoparasitoid wasp species. IV particles are produced exclusively in the female wasp reproductive tract. They are co-injected along with the parasitoid egg into caterpillar hosts upon parasitization. The expression of viral genes by infected host cells leads to an immunosuppressive state and delayed development of the host, two pathologies that are critical to the successful development of the wasp egg and larva. Ichnovirus is one of the two recognized genera within the family Polydnaviridae (polydnaviruses or PDVs), the other genus being Bracovirus (BV), associated with braconid wasps. IVs are associated with ichneumonid wasps belonging to the subfamilies Campopleginae and Banchinae; attempts to identify IV particles in other ichneumonid subfamilies have so far been unsuccessful. Functional studies targeting IV genes expressed in parasitized hosts, along with investigations of the molecular mechanisms responsible for viral morphogenesis in the female wasp, have resulted in a better understanding of the biology of these atypical viruses.
Ichnoviruses (IVs) 是共生的双链 DNA 病毒，在数千种内寄生性蜂寄生的成功中起着关键作用。IV 颗粒仅在雌性蜂生殖道中产生。它们在寄生时与寄生性卵一起被注入毛毛虫宿主。受感染宿主细胞表达病毒基因会导致宿主免疫抑制和发育迟缓，这两种病理状态对于蜂卵和幼虫的成功发育至关重要。Ichnovirus 是多 DNA 病毒科 (polydnaviruses 或 PDVs) 中两个公认的属之一，另一个属是与 braconid 蜂相关的 Bracovirus (BV)。IV 与属于 Campopleginae 和 Banchinae 亚科的 ichneumonid 蜂有关；迄今为止，试图在其他 ichneumonid 亚科中识别 IV 颗粒的尝试均未成功。针对在寄生宿主中表达的 IV 基因的功能研究，以及对负责雌性蜂中病毒形态发生的分子机制的研究，使人们对这些非典型病毒的生物学有了更好的理解。
