Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Tower Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UL, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 May 22;16(10):1814. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101814.
Smoking during pregnancy is a leading cause of negative pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. While UK guidelines recommend nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation during pregnancy, adherence to NRT is generally low and may partially explain why NRT appears less effective in pregnancy compared to non-pregnant smokers. This study aimed to identify and describe factors associated with NRT adherence from a health professional's perspective. Two focus groups and one expert group were conducted with 26 professionals involved in antenatal stop smoking services and the data were analysed thematically using a template methodology. From our analyses, we extracted two main themes: (i) 'Barriers to NRT use in pregnancy' explores the issues of how misinformation and unrealistic expectations could discourage NRT use, while (ii) 'Facilitators to NRT use in pregnancy' describes the different information, and modes of delivery, that stop smoking professionals believe will encourage correct and sustained NRT use. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to improve NRT adherence may aid the development of educational interventions to encourage NRT use and improve outcomes for pregnant women wanting to stop smoking.
吸烟是导致妊娠不良结局和围产期不良结局的主要原因之一。英国指南建议在妊娠期间使用尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）来戒烟，但 NRT 的依从性通常较低，这可能部分解释了为什么与非妊娠吸烟者相比，NRT 在妊娠期间的效果似乎较差。本研究旨在从卫生专业人员的角度确定和描述与 NRT 依从性相关的因素。通过与 26 名参与产前戒烟服务的专业人员进行两次焦点小组和一次专家组讨论，使用模板方法对数据进行主题分析。通过我们的分析，我们提取了两个主要主题：（i）“妊娠中使用 NRT 的障碍”探讨了错误信息和不切实际的期望如何可能阻碍 NRT 使用的问题，而（ii）“妊娠中使用 NRT 的促进因素”描述了戒烟专业人员认为可以鼓励正确和持续使用 NRT 的不同信息和提供方式。了解提高 NRT 依从性的障碍和促进因素可能有助于制定教育干预措施，以鼓励 NRT 的使用，并改善希望戒烟的孕妇的结局。
