Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University, 47-49 Moorooduc Highway, Frankston, 3199, VIC, Australia.
Spinal Cord. 2019 Aug;57(8):626-635. doi: 10.1038/s41393-019-0297-x. Epub 2019 May 23.
Scoping review.
The objective of this study is to report on the extent, range and nature of the research evaluating peer-led interventions following spinal cord injury, and to categorize and report information according to study design, peer role, intervention type and intended outcomes.
Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews was used. Original research studies of a peer-led intervention published between 2010 and present were included. CINAHL Plus, Ovid MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched using key terms, in addition to citation checks. Data were extracted against a previously published consolidated typology.
Significant heterogeneity in studies (n = 21) existed in aims and methods. Two studies reported on randomized controlled trials with relatively robust sample sizes and qualitative methodology was common. Peer role was frequently described as 'peer support', but there was variation in the description and duration of the interventions, complicating the categorization process. The majority of interventions were conducted one to one (n = 15). Studies most commonly aimed to address community integration (n = 15) and health self-management outcomes (n = 10).
A small number of studies were eligible for review, although increasingly with rigorous designs. The nature of the peer mentor and mentee experiences were explored, and the interaction between the two, offering rich insights to the value of lived experience. Further work refining typology describing intervention type, peer roles and outcomes would facilitate replication of programmes and study designs, enabling statistical synthesis and potentially strengthening the credibility of peers as a viable resource in in-patient and community settings.
范围综述。
本研究旨在报告评估脊髓损伤后同伴主导干预措施的研究的范围、范围和性质，并根据研究设计、同伴角色、干预类型和预期结果对信息进行分类和报告。
采用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 进行范围综述的方法框架。纳入了 2010 年至目前发表的同伴主导干预措施的原始研究。除了引文检查外，还使用关键词在 CINAHL Plus、Ovid MEDLINE 和 PsycINFO 上进行了搜索。数据是根据之前发表的综合分类法提取的。
研究（n=21）在目标和方法上存在显著的异质性。有两项研究报告了随机对照试验，样本量相对较大，且定性方法较为常见。同伴角色通常被描述为“同伴支持”，但干预的描述和持续时间存在差异，使分类过程复杂化。大多数干预是一对一进行的（n=15）。研究最常见的目的是解决社区融合（n=15）和健康自我管理结果（n=10）。
尽管研究设计越来越严格，但只有少数研究符合审查条件。同伴导师和学员经历的性质以及两者之间的相互作用得到了探讨，为同伴作为住院和社区环境中可行资源的价值提供了丰富的见解。进一步完善描述干预类型、同伴角色和结果的分类法将有助于方案和研究设计的复制，实现统计综合，并可能增强同伴作为可行资源的可信度。
