埃塞俄比亚医护人员献血知识、态度、行为及相关因素评估：一项横断面研究
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice and associated factors of blood donation among health care workers in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Malako Dawit, Yoseph Fissehatsion, Bekele Mebratu Legesse
机构信息
1College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
2ALERT Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Hematol. 2019 May 15;19:10. doi: 10.1186/s12878-019-0140-9. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Blood can only be given from generous donors. The main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and associated factors of blood donation among health care workers in Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital (WSUTRH), Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 218 WSUTRH health care workers. Socio-demographic characteristics and data related to the levels of KAP of participants were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted using statistical package for social sciences version 20 to assess the factors associated with the practice of blood donation with -value set at < 0.05 for statistical significance.
RESULTS
Two hundred eighteen health care workers were involved in the study among which 129 (59.2%) were males and 89 (40.8%) were females. Among the study participants, 180(82.6%) had good knowledge but only 128(58.7%) were found to have a good attitude as 126(57.8%) reported that voluntary donor is the best source of blood donation. Regrettably, only 47(21.6%) of the respondents were found to practice blood donation in their lifetime. A majority (65.5%) of the participants did not donate blood as they have not been approached to do so. Knowledge and attitude levels of the participants were not found to be significantly associated with sociodemographic parameters study; but, only sex of the participants had shown statistically significant association with blood donation practice where males were more likely to donate blood than females (AOR = 2.59 (1.22-5.49)).
CONCLUSIONS
The overall level of knowledge was satisfactory and the level of attitude and practice was unexpectedly low. Female respondents were found to have lesser practice towards blood donation than males. Health care workers, blood banks and the hospital are demanded to design ways to update knowledge, and build its psychological benefits and make services more accessible.
背景
血液只能来自慷慨的献血者。本研究的主要目的是评估埃塞俄比亚沃莱塔索多市沃莱塔索多大学教学与转诊医院（WSUTRH）医护人员的献血知识、态度和行为（KAP）及其相关因素。
方法
对WSUTRH的218名医护人员进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。使用自填式问卷收集参与者的社会人口学特征以及与KAP水平相关的数据。使用社会科学统计软件包第20版进行二元和多元逻辑回归分析，以评估与献血行为相关的因素，设定P值<0.05具有统计学意义。
结果
218名医护人员参与了本研究，其中129名（59.2%）为男性，89名（40.8%）为女性。在研究参与者中，180名（82.6%）有良好的知识，但只有128名（58.7%）被发现有良好的态度，因为126名（57.8%）报告称自愿献血者是献血的最佳来源。遗憾的是，只有47名（21.6%）受访者一生中曾献血。大多数（65.5%）参与者没有献血，因为没有人邀请他们这样做。未发现参与者的知识和态度水平与社会人口学参数研究有显著关联；但是，只有参与者的性别与献血行为显示出统计学上的显著关联，男性比女性更有可能献血（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.59[1.22 - 5.49]）。
结论
总体知识水平令人满意，但态度和行为水平出乎意料地低。发现女性受访者的献血行为比男性少。要求医护人员、血库和医院设计方法来更新知识，宣传献血的心理益处，并使服务更易获得。
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