Woldu Berhanu, Melku Mulugeta, Shiferaw Elias, Biadgo Belete, Abebe Molla, Gelaw Yemataw
Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Blood Med. 2022 Jan 6;13:11-19. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S346904. eCollection 2022.
Knowledge of the ABO and RhD group distribution is essential for blood banks inventory and assuring quality blood transfusion services. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of ABO and RhD phenotype, allele, and genotype among blood donors at North Gondar District Blood Bank from 2010 to 2012, Northwest Ethiopia.
The data of the current study were obtained from registration logbooks of blood donors registered. The ABO and RhD grouping was done by using commercially available monoclonal antibodies (anti-A, anti-B and anti-D) by slide methods. Results with no agglutination by anti-D antibody were confirmed using anti-human globulin test. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The allele and genotype frequency of the donors was determined by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assumption. The difference between the observed and expected frequency was tested by online Chi-square calculator. P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Among 6471 blood donors, 82.1%, 94.1% and 55.4% were males, replacement donors and in the age group of 21-30 years, respectively. Blood group O (47.04%) and blood group AB (4.81%) were the dominant and least common, respectively. The distribution of the RhD negative blood group was 5.76%. The distribution of A, B and O alleles was 0.1714, 0.1433 and 0.6859, respectively. Moreover, the genotype frequency of AA, AO, BB, BO, AB and OO was 0.0294, 0.2350, 0.0205, 0.1966, 0.0491 and 0.4704, respectively. The genotype frequency of DD, Dd and dd was 0.5774, 0.3649 and 0.0576, respectively. The result showed that there was no statistically significant difference between observed and expected allele and genotype frequency (P-value >0.05).
Blood group O and AB were the most and least prevalent, respectively. The allele and genotype frequency of the population was fulfilled the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assumption. This finding might be useful for blood transfusion services.
了解ABO和RhD血型分布对于血库库存管理及确保优质输血服务至关重要。本研究的目的是确定2010年至2012年埃塞俄比亚西北部北贡德尔地区血库献血者中ABO和RhD血型表型、等位基因及基因型的频率。
本研究的数据来自已登记献血者的登记日志。采用市售单克隆抗体（抗A、抗B和抗D）通过玻片法进行ABO和RhD血型分组。抗D抗体检测无凝集反应的结果用抗人球蛋白试验进行确认。使用SPSS 20版进行描述性统计分析。根据哈迪-温伯格平衡假设确定献血者的等位基因和基因型频率。通过在线卡方计算器检验观察频率与预期频率之间的差异。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在6471名献血者中，男性、替代献血者和年龄在21至30岁组的分别占82.1%、94.1%和55.4%。O血型（47.04%）和AB血型（4.81%）分别是最常见和最不常见的血型。RhD阴性血型的分布为5.76%。A、B和O等位基因的分布分别为0.1714、0.1433和0.6859。此外，AA、AO、BB、BO、AB和OO基因型频率分别为0.0294、0.2350、0.0205、0.1966、0.0491和0.4704。DD、Dd和dd基因型频率分别为0.5774、0.3649和0.0576。结果表明，观察到的等位基因和基因型频率与预期频率之间无统计学显著差异（P值>0.05）。
O血型和AB血型分别是最常见和最不常见的血型。该人群的等位基因和基因型频率符合哈迪-温伯格平衡假设。这一发现可能对输血服务有用。
