Urgesa Kedir, Hassen Nejat, Seyoum Ayichew
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences.
Department of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
J Blood Med. 2017 Feb 15;8:13-20. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S121460. eCollection 2017.
The availability of safe blood and blood products is a critical factor in improving health care. In Ethiopia, lack of voluntary blood donors is a major challenge. This could be due to low community knowledge, unfavorable attitude, and poor donation practice regarding voluntary blood donation. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess community knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding voluntary blood donation among adults in Harar town, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2015. A total of 845 adults were randomly selected and interviewed using a pretested, structured questionnaire. Six trained data collectors conducted a face-to-face interview. Data were entered into EpiData Version 3 and analyzed using STATA Version 11.
Comprehensive knowledge of the study participants toward voluntary blood donation was 43.5%. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that male sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-2.39), age (31-45 years; AOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34-0.74) and >45 years (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38-0.95), and higher education (AOR = 15.34, 95% CI: 5.01-46.91) were significantly associated with comprehensive knowledge about voluntary blood donation. A total of 278 (32.9%) study participants had positive attitude toward voluntary blood donation. College graduates (AOR = 13.05, 95% CI: 4.12-41.29) were significantly associated with positive attitude toward voluntary blood donation. Only 191 (22.6%) subjects had ever donated blood. However, the proportion of study participants who donated blood voluntarily with good knowledge about voluntary blood donation was significantly lower than the study participants who donated blood voluntarily with low knowledge ( = 6.1746, = 0.013).
This study showed an inauspicious attitude toward blood donation and poor blood donation practices. Subjects with good comprehensive knowledge about voluntary blood donation were less likely to donate blood voluntarily compared to those with lower comprehensive knowledge about voluntary blood donation.
安全血液和血液制品的可及性是改善医疗保健的关键因素。在埃塞俄比亚，缺乏自愿献血者是一项重大挑战。这可能是由于社区对自愿献血的了解程度低、态度不积极以及献血行为不佳所致。因此，本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚哈拉尔镇成年人对自愿献血的社区知识、态度和行为。
2015年7月1日至7月31日进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。共随机选取845名成年人，使用预先测试的结构化问卷进行访谈。六名经过培训的数据收集员进行面对面访谈。数据录入EpiData 3版本，并使用STATA 11版本进行分析。
研究参与者对自愿献血的全面了解率为43.5%。多变量逻辑回归显示，男性（调整后的优势比[AOR]=1.69，95%置信区间[CI]：1.19 - 2.39）、年龄（31 - 45岁；AOR = 0.50，95% CI：0.34 - 0.74）以及>45岁（AOR = 0.60，95% CI：0.38 - 0.95）和高等教育程度（AOR = 15.34，95% CI：5.01 - 46.91）与对自愿献血的全面了解显著相关。共有278名（32.9%）研究参与者对自愿献血持积极态度。大学毕业生（AOR = 13.05，95% CI：4.12 - 41.29）与对自愿献血的积极态度显著相关。只有191名（22.6%）受试者曾献血。然而，对自愿献血有充分了解而自愿献血的研究参与者比例显著低于对自愿献血了解较少而自愿献血的研究参与者（= 6.1746，= 0.013）。
本研究显示出对献血的不良态度和较差的献血行为。与对自愿献血全面了解较少的人相比，对自愿献血有充分全面了解的受试者自愿献血的可能性较小。
