探索澳大利亚朝觐旅行社对朝圣者健康风险的认知与做法：一项定性研究
Exploring Australian Hajj Tour Operators' Knowledge and Practices Regarding Pilgrims' Health Risks: A Qualitative Study.
作者信息
Alqahtani Amani S, Tashani Mohamed, Heywood Anita E, Booy Robert, Rashid Harunor, Wiley Kerrie E
机构信息
Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Child and Adolescent Health, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
出版信息
JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2019 May 23;5(2):e10960. doi: 10.2196/10960.
BACKGROUND
Travel agents are known to be one of the main sources of health information for pilgrims, and their advice is associated with positive health behaviors.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate travel agents' health knowledge, what health advice they provide to the pilgrims, and their sources of health information.
METHODS
In-depth interviews were conducted among specialist Hajj travel agents in Sydney, Australia. Thematic analysis was undertaken.
RESULTS
Of the 13 accredited Hajj travel agents, 9 (69%) were interviewed. A high level of awareness regarding gastrointestinal infections, standard hygiene methods, and the risk of injury was noted among the participants and was included in advice provided to pilgrims. However, very limited knowledge and provision of advice about the risk of respiratory infections was identified. Knowledge of the compulsory meningococcal vaccine was high, and all participated travel agents reported influenza vaccine (a recommended vaccine) as a second "compulsory" vaccine for Hajj visas. Conversely, participants reported very limited knowledge about other recommended vaccines for Hajj. The Ministry of Hajj website and personal Hajj experience were the main sources of information.
CONCLUSIONS
This study identifies a potential path for novel health promotion strategies to improve health knowledge among Hajj travel agents and subsequently among Hajj pilgrims.
背景
旅行社被认为是朝圣者健康信息的主要来源之一，他们的建议与积极的健康行为相关。
目的
本研究旨在调查旅行社的健康知识、他们向朝圣者提供的健康建议以及他们的健康信息来源。
方法
对澳大利亚悉尼的专业朝觐旅行社进行了深入访谈。进行了主题分析。
结果
在13家经认可的朝觐旅行社中，9家（69%）接受了访谈。参与者对胃肠道感染、标准卫生方法和受伤风险有较高的认识，并将其纳入向朝圣者提供的建议中。然而，发现对呼吸道感染风险的知识和建议非常有限。对强制性脑膜炎球菌疫苗的知晓率很高，所有参与的旅行社都将流感疫苗（一种推荐疫苗）作为朝觐签证的第二种“强制性”疫苗。相反，参与者报告说对其他推荐的朝觐疫苗的了解非常有限。朝觐部网站和个人朝觐经历是主要信息来源。
结论
本研究确定了一条新的健康促进策略的潜在途径，以提高朝觐旅行社以及随后朝觐朝圣者的健康知识。
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