Song Ying, Cheng Fangxiao, Du Yage, Zheng Jie, An Yu, Lu Yanhui
School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Sep 14;15(18):3974. doi: 10.3390/nu15183974.
The available evidence regarding the association between adherence to the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns and cognitive performance exhibits inconsistency, and its applicability within the Asian population remains uncertain. The association between adherence to the Chinese Food Pagoda (CHFP) and cognitive function is also unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP different dietary patterns and cognitive function. The study included 3353 Chinese adults aged 55 years and over from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2006. A 24 h dietary recall over three consecutive days was used to collect dietary information. Dietary patterns included AMED, DASH, and CHFP. A subset of items from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified was used for cognitive screening. Poor cognitive performance was defined as a global cognitive function score < 7. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the association between adherence to the three different dietary patterns and cognitive function. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that there is a negative association between higher adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP and poorer cognitive performance (AMED: OR = 0.594, 95% CI = 0.458-0.771, < 0.001; DASH: OR = 0.652, 95% CI = 0.504-0.843, = 0.001; CHFP: OR = 0.599, 95% CI = 0.417-0.861, = 0.006). There was a significant interaction between each of the three dietary patterns and residential regions (AMED: for interaction = 0.045; DASH: for interaction = 0.003; CHFP: for interaction < 0.001). Higher adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP dietary patterns was inversely associated with poor cognition in Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults, particularly among urban residents.
关于坚持地中海替代饮食（AMED）和防治高血压饮食方法（DASH）饮食模式与认知能力之间的关联，现有证据并不一致，而且其在亚洲人群中的适用性仍不确定。坚持中国食物宝塔（CHFP）与认知功能之间的关联也尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们旨在评估坚持AMED、DASH和CHFP这三种不同饮食模式与认知功能之间的关联。该研究纳入了2006年中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）中3353名55岁及以上的中国成年人。通过连续三天的24小时饮食回顾来收集饮食信息。饮食模式包括AMED、DASH和CHFP。采用简易认知状况检查表电话访谈中的部分项目进行认知筛查。认知能力差被定义为总体认知功能得分<7分。使用二元逻辑回归来估计坚持三种不同饮食模式与认知功能之间的关联。二元逻辑回归分析表明，更高程度地坚持AMED、DASH和CHFP与较差的认知能力之间存在负相关（AMED：比值比=0.594，95%置信区间=0.458 - 0.771，P<0.001；DASH：比值比=0.652，95%置信区间=0.504 - 0.843，P = 0.001；CHFP：比值比=0.599，95%置信区间=0.417 - 0.861，P = 0.006）。这三种饮食模式中的每一种与居住地区之间均存在显著交互作用（AMED：交互作用P = 0.045；DASH：交互作用P = 0.003；CHFP：交互作用P<0.001）。更高程度地坚持AMED、DASH和CHFP饮食模式与中国中老年成年人认知能力差呈负相关，尤其是在城市居民中。
