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文明病是有机卤素环境污染的结果吗?

Are the civilization diseases the result of organohalogen environmental pollution?

作者信息

Góralczyk Katarzyna, Majcher Anna

机构信息

Institute of Ecology and Bioethics, Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Warsaw, Poland.

Institute of Ecology and Bioethics, Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Waesaw, Poland.

出版信息

Acta Biochim Pol. 2019 May 24;66(2):123-127. doi: 10.18388/abp.2018_2776.

Abstract

The notion of 'civilization diseases' is used to describe certain ailments whose aetiology is difficult to explain based on the knowledge about the functioning of the body and its metabolism. Only studies at the cellular level, on biochemical changes shed light on the causes of some diseases described as civilization diseases (cancers, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, obesity, psychomotor disorders in children and an increase in the frequency of malformations). The factors whose incontestable influence on the increase in the frequency of occurrence of various 'civilization diseases' has been proved are persistent organic pollutants, among others belonging to the group of organohalogen compounds. Among organohalogen pollutants one needs to distinguish organochlorine compounds, which have been used as pesticides, and pollution emitted by various industries such as dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated organic compounds used as flame retardants and perfluoroalkylated substances, which are characterized by high chemical and thermal stability as well as high surface activity due to which they may be widely used as oleophobic and hydrophobic factors.

摘要

“文明病”这一概念用于描述某些疾病,这些疾病的病因难以依据人体功能及其新陈代谢的相关知识来解释。只有在细胞层面进行研究,对生化变化的研究才能揭示一些被称为文明病的疾病病因(癌症、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病、肥胖症、儿童精神运动障碍以及畸形发生率上升)。已被证实对各类“文明病”发病率上升有不可争议影响的因素包括持久性有机污染物,其中尤其属于有机卤素化合物类别。在有机卤素污染物中,需要区分用作杀虫剂的有机氯化合物,以及各种行业排放的污染物,如二恶英和呋喃、多氯联苯,还有用作阻燃剂的多溴有机化合物以及全氟烷基物质,这些物质具有高化学稳定性和热稳定性以及高表面活性,因此它们可被广泛用作疏油和疏水因子。

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