Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-336, Iran.
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-336, Iran.
Toxicon. 2019 Aug;166:66-75. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 May 22.
The amelioration of aflatoxicosis in ducklings was examined by feeding molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) synthesized to target the aflatoxin B (AFB) analog molecule [5, 7-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC)] as a smart and novel toxin binder in comparison to a commercial toxin binder (CTB). MIP was characterized with some techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) that showed morphology and thermal resistance of MIP, respectively. The SEM showed that more pores and big cavities were formed in the network of the MIP. TGA plots of MIP showed dehydration at temperatures of about 31 °C-200 °C and gradual decomposition until 300 °C. The in vitro and in vivo ability of MIP and CTB to adsorb some minerals (Ca, Cu, Mg, P and Zn) was evaluated. The in vivo efficacy of MIP as an aflatoxins (AFs) binder in duckling exposed to aflatoxin-contaminated feed from 4 to 18 d of age was also compared to that of the CTB. A total of 240 4-d-old ducklings were assigned to experimental diets. Each diet was replicated four times with 10 birds in each pen, and the initial body weight classes were considered as blocks. The experimental treatment diets included: 1- Control (basal diet without any additive or AFs), 2- MIP (5 g/kg diet), 3- CTB (5 g/kg diet), 4- AFs (0.2 mg/kg diet), 5- AFs + MIP (0.2 mg/kg + 5 g/kg diet), and 6- AFs + CTB (0.2 mg/kg + 5 g/kg diet). In vitro study may clearly reflect the possibility of adsorbing minerals by CTB as compared to MIP whilst the results were not confirmed by in vivo study and it seems that reduction in plasma levels of minerals is related to the adverse effects of AFs. Livers showed histopathological alterations, with bile-duct proliferation of all aflatoxin fed ducklings. Macroscopic study indicated liver of birds fed diets containing AFs showed abnormal signs including yellowish, friable and rounded shape without protective effect of MIP and CTB. The results obtained from in vivo study indicate the partial alleviation of the adverse effects of AFs in ducklings by dietary supplementation of MIP and CTB (5 g/kg) on plasma albumin, Zn, Mg and Ca.
研究了合成的分子印迹聚合物（MIP）对黄曲霉毒素 B（AFB）类似物分子[5,7-二甲氧基香豆素（DMC）]的靶向作用，以作为一种智能且新颖的毒素结合物，来改善雏鸭的黄曲霉毒素中毒，与商业毒素结合物（CTB）进行了比较。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和热重分析（TGA）等技术对 MIP 进行了表征，分别显示了 MIP 的形态和热稳定性。SEM 显示，在 MIP 的网络中形成了更多的孔和大空腔。MIP 的 TGA 图谱显示，在 31°C-200°C 左右会发生脱水，然后逐渐分解直至 300°C。还评估了 MIP 和 CTB 在体外和体内对一些矿物质（Ca、Cu、Mg、P 和 Zn）的吸附能力。比较了 MIP 作为 4 至 18 日龄暴露于受黄曲霉毒素污染的饲料的雏鸭的黄曲霉毒素（AFs）结合物的体内功效与 CTB 的体内功效。将 240 只 4 日龄的雏鸭分为实验组。每种饲料重复 4 次，每个围栏 10 只，初始体重级别视为块。实验处理的饲料包括：1-对照（不含任何添加剂或 AFs 的基础饲料），2-MIP（5g/kg 饲料），3-CTB（5g/kg 饲料），4-AFs（0.2mg/kg 饲料），5-AFs+MIP（0.2mg/kg+5g/kg 饲料），6-AFs+CTB（0.2mg/kg+5g/kg 饲料）。体外研究可能清楚地反映了 CTB 吸附矿物质的可能性，与 MIP 相比，而体内研究结果并不证实，似乎矿物质血浆水平的降低与 AFs 的不良影响有关。肝脏表现出组织病理学改变，所有饲喂黄曲霉毒素的雏鸭胆管增生。宏观研究表明，饲喂含 AFs 的日粮的鸟类肝脏表现出异常迹象，包括黄色、易碎和圆形，MIP 和 CTB 没有保护作用。体内研究结果表明，通过日粮补充 MIP 和 CTB（5g/kg），可部分缓解雏鸭黄曲霉毒素的不良影响，提高血浆白蛋白、Zn、Mg 和 Ca 的水平。
