Sridhar M, Suganthi R U, Thammiaha V
Bioenergetics and Environmental Sciences Division, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2015 Dec;99(6):1094-104. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12260. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
Consumption of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated feed by poultry affects the health of broiler birds causing severe economic losses. The use of phytochemicals is a safe, effective, alternative and practical approach to combat the toxic effect of AF in broilers. Resveratrol, a polyphenol derived from red grapes, berries and peanuts, exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Our study was aimed at evaluating the possible protective effects of resveratrol against the adverse effects of AFB1 in broiler birds. A feeding trial of 42 days of duration was undertaken in a completely randomized design with five dietary treatments: G1-AFB1(1.0 ppm); G2-CTR (basal diet alone); G3-AFB1(1.0 ppm)+Resv 0.5%; G4-AFB1(1.0 ppm)+Resv 1%; and G5-Resv 1%. Gain in body weight (BWG) and feed intake (FI) was observed to be highest (p < 0.05) in the AFB1 birds followed by the control group. Feed conversion ratio was lowest in G2-CTR birds and failed to record any significant variation (p > 0.05) between groups as well as within groups. Birds fed resveratrol at both 0.5% and 1.0% levels in combination with AFB1 as well as alone along with basal diet had lower BWG and FI between the fourth and fifth week and also at the fifth week (p < 0.05). No variation (p > 0.05) was obtained in the FCR of AFB1 and resveratrol group of broiler birds. AFB1 feeding significantly increased the activities of aspartate-(AST) and alanine-(ALT) amino transferase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities (p < 0.05) but lowered glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum. Supplementation of resveratrol helped in increasing the activities of the oxidative enzymes and in improving the plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and total protein (TP) significantly (p < 0.05) and protein values. The livers of AFB1 group showed degeneration of hepatocytes, bile duct hyperplasia and microgranuloma formation. In resveratrol supplemented birds, the severity and degree of the liver lesions was far less. Apoptotic proteins failed to show any variation in expression between AFB1, control and resveratrol group of birds. The inclusion of resveratrol in broiler diets enhanced antioxidant status of birds indicating the protective effect of resveratrol against AFB1-induced toxicity. So, we advice use of resveratrol as a feed additive to control aflatoxicosis in poultry farms.
家禽食用受黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）污染的饲料会影响肉鸡健康，造成严重经济损失。使用植物化学物质是对抗肉鸡中AF毒性作用的一种安全、有效、替代且实用的方法。白藜芦醇是一种从红葡萄、浆果和花生中提取的多酚，具有抗炎、抗氧化和免疫调节作用。我们的研究旨在评估白藜芦醇对肉鸡中AFB1不良影响的可能保护作用。采用完全随机设计进行了为期42天的饲养试验，有五种日粮处理：G1 - AFB1（1.0 ppm）；G2 - CTR（仅基础日粮）；G3 - AFB1（1.0 ppm）+白藜芦醇0.5%；G4 - AFB1（1.0 ppm）+白藜芦醇1%；以及G5 - 白藜芦醇1%。观察到AFB1组肉鸡的体重增加（BWG）和采食量（FI）最高（p < 0.05），其次是对照组。G2 - CTR组肉鸡的饲料转化率最低，各组之间以及组内均未记录到任何显著差异（p > 0.05）。在第四和第五周以及第五周时，与AFB1组合饲喂0.5%和1.0%水平白藜芦醇的肉鸡以及单独与基础日粮一起饲喂白藜芦醇的肉鸡，其BWG和FI较低（p < 0.05）。AFB1组和白藜芦醇组肉鸡的饲料转化率没有差异（p > 0.05）。饲喂AFB1显著增加了天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性（p < 0.05），但降低了血清中的葡萄糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯水平。补充白藜芦醇有助于显著提高氧化酶的活性，并改善血浆总抗氧化能力（TAOC）和总蛋白（TP）（p < 0.05）以及蛋白值。AFB1组的肝脏显示肝细胞变性、胆管增生和微肉芽肿形成。在补充白藜芦醇的肉鸡中，肝脏病变的严重程度和程度要小得多。凋亡蛋白在AFB1组、对照组和白藜芦醇组肉鸡之间的表达没有差异。在肉鸡日粮中添加白藜芦醇可提高肉鸡的抗氧化状态，表明白藜芦醇对AFB1诱导的毒性具有保护作用。因此，我们建议使用白藜芦醇作为饲料添加剂来控制家禽养殖场的黄曲霉毒素中毒。
